Yyy yyY
YYYYYYYyyyyyyyYYYYYYY
YYYYY#########YYYYY
YYY# ??? #YYY
YY# ( O) #YY
Y# ~~ #Y
YY#########YY
@@@ YYYYYYYYYYYYY @@@
@@@@ YYYYYYYYYYYYY @@@@
@@@@ YYYYYYYYYYYYY @@@@
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
VVV@@@@@@@@@@@@@VVV
VV VV
V V
SofaWare Embedded!
Sbox4
Boot Code Version: 15 (Build time: Feb 2 2011 - 12:53:34)
This project is about taking control over the Check Point UTM-1 EDGE Series.
The Check Point UTM-1 EDGE Series series of devices has a Octeon Plus CN5010-SCP Processor with 128 MB RAM. My variant has a 4 port switch, a WAN port, a DSL modem and even boasts a ExpressCard 54 slot. These devices are still perfectly usable, however, Check Point has deprecated them long ago. With their shady business model (service plans for firmware updates) these devices run age old firmware. Even their EULA says that no Product, nor any portion thereof, may be used by or on behalf of, accessed by, re-sold to, rented to, or distributed to any other party.
Additionally, they ignore emails with ease, when requesting source code to GPL licensed code, such as U-Boot. (Argghh GPL Violators..)
This applies to the UTM-1 EDGE NW ADSL:
| Chip | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Cavium Octeon Plus CN5010-SCP | Processor |
| Marvell 98DX106-LKJ1 | Switch -> SMI |
| Marvell 88E1240-TAH2 | PHY -> Switch |
| Marvell 88E1111-BAB1 | PHY -> MII |
| Spansion S29AL016J70TFI02 | Flash |
| ST 3243EC | RS-232 |
| NEC (uPD)720114 | USB 2.0 |
| DS1337 | RTC |
| w83l786g | Temperature sensor |
| 2x Pericom PI7C9X111SL | PCIe-PCI-Bridge |
| Atheros AR5B97 | Wifi -> PCIe |
| Microchip 24CO2 | EEPROM |
| ikanos/conexant GS8120 | ADSL -> MII/SMI/SPI? |
On all of the models, there is a serial port on the outside of the device. This serial port does only deliver some no so useful diagnostics and are kind of worthless. You can not get to the bootloader and can also not get a shell for root login.
A second serialport can be found inside of the device. When connecting to the serialport with 115200 baudrate and starting the device, you only see a few lines of U-Boot. Then, this serial port goes blank aswell.
U-Boot 1.1.1 SDK 1.9 (Development build) (Build time: Feb 2 2011 - 12:54:14)
row bits: 13, col bits: 10, banks: 4, ranks: 1, dram width: 16, size: 128 MB
CUST_N100 board revision major:2, minor:0, serial #: unknown
OCTEON CN5010-SCP pass 1.1, Core clock: 500 MHz, DDR clock: 331 MHz (662 Mhz data rate)
Warning: Board descriptor tuple not found in eeprom, using defaults
PAL rev: 0.00, MCU rev: 0.00, CPU voltage: 0.00
w83l786g_gpio_mode_setting emtry
w83l786g_gpio_1_5_output_mode_control emtry
w83l786g_gpio_1_7_output_default emtry
w83l786g_gpio_io_def emtry
DRAM: 128 MB
After some random shorting of pins, the debug pins were found in between the heatsink and the DSL board. Shorting them using a jumper/cable results in this serial port staying alive.
Well.., hello!
U-Boot 1.1.1 SDK 1.9 (Development build) (Build time: Feb 2 2011 - 12:54:14)
row bits: 13, col bits: 10, banks: 4, ranks: 1, dram width: 16, size: 128 MB
CUST_N100 board revision major:2, minor:0, serial #: unknown
OCTEON CN5010-SCP pass 1.1, Core clock: 500 MHz, DDR clock: 331 MHz (662 Mhz data rate)
Warning: Board descriptor tuple not found in eeprom, using defaults
PAL rev: 0.00, MCU rev: 0.00, CPU voltage: 0.00
w83l786g_gpio_mode_setting emtry
w83l786g_gpio_1_5_output_mode_control emtry
w83l786g_gpio_1_7_output_default emtry
w83l786g_gpio_io_def emtry
DRAM: 128 MB
Clearing DRAM...... done
Flash: 2 MB
BIST check passed.
Starting PCI
PCI Status: PCI 32-bit
PCI BAR 0: 0x00000000, PCI BAR 1: Memory 0x00000000 PCI 0xf8000000
Net: octeth0, octeth1, octeth2
Bus 0 (CF Card): not available
SofaWare debug level: 1
Yyy yyY
YYYYYYYyyyyyyyYYYYYYY
YYYYY#########YYYYY
YYY# ??? #YYY
YY# ( O) #YY
Y# ~~ #Y
YY#########YY
@@@ YYYYYYYYYYYYY @@@
@@@@ YYYYYYYYYYYYY @@@@
@@@@ YYYYYYYYYYYYY @@@@
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
VVV@@@@@@@@@@@@@VVV
VV VV
V V
SofaWare Embedded!
Sbox4
Boot Code Version: 15 (Build time: Feb 2 2011 - 12:53:34)
<<***** BLOB Details *****>>
LAN MAC : REDACTED
DMZ MAC : REDACTED
WAN MAC : REDACTED
License Key : REDACTED
Activation Key : REDACTED
Serial Num : N/A
Part Num : REDACTED
Vendor Mask : 0x00002000
Number of SFP Ports : 0
Number of USB Ports : 1
Number of Switch Ports : 4
WLAN Region : WORLD
DSL Modem : Yes
ANNEX : B
0
Sbox4_cm# <INTERRUPT>
Sbox4_cm# <INTERRUPT>
Sbox4_cm# <INTERRUPT>
Sbox4_cm# <INTERRUPT>
Sbox4_cm# <INTERRUPT>
Sbox4_cm# <INTERRUPT>
Sbox4_cm# <INTERRUPT>
Sbox4_cm# <INTERRUPT>
Sbox4_cm# <INTERRUPT>
Sbox4_cm# <INTERRUPT>
Sbox4_cm# <INTERRUPT>
Sbox4_cm# <INTERRUPT>
The autoboot timer was set to 0 in this device such that it should boot immediately, however, spamming CTRL+C helps.
Commands available in U-Boot
Sbox4_cm# ?
? - alias for 'help'
askenv - get environment variables from stdin
autoscr - run script from memory
base - print or set address offset
bootelf - Boot from an ELF image in memory
bootoct - Boot from an Octeon Executive ELF image in memory
bootoctelf - Boot a generic ELF image in memory. NOTE: This command does not support
simple executive applications, use bootoct for those.
bootoctlinux - Boot from a linux ELF image in memory
bootp - boot image via network using BootP/TFTP protocol
cmp - memory compare
coninfo - print console devices and informations
cp - memory copy
crc32 - checksum calculation
date - get/set/reset date & time
dhcp - invoke DHCP client to obtain IP/boot params
dx106 - DX106 utility commands
88e1240 - 88E1240 utility commands
echo - echo args to console
eeprom - EEPROM sub-system
erase - erase FLASH memory
ext2load- load binary file from a Ext2 filesystem
ext2ls - list files in a directory (default /)
fatinfo - print information about filesystem
fatload - load binary file from a dos filesystem
fatloadalloc - load binary file from a dos filesystem, and allocate
a named bootmem block for file data
fatls - list files in a directory (default /)
flinfo - print FLASH memory information
freeprint - Print list of free bootmem blocks
frtest - Test reset button.
gettemp - get the temparature of board
getvoltage - get the CPU voltage of board
go - start application at address 'addr'
gpio - get/set gpio
gpioctrl - control gpio
gpioexpctrl - control expanded gpio
gunzip - Uncompress an in memory gzipped file
help - print online help
hwm - get hardware voltage/temperature status
icrc32 - checksum calculation
ide - IDE sub-system
ide_test - test CF write
iloop - infinite loop on address range
imd - i2c memory display
imm - i2c memory modify (auto-incrementing)
imw - memory write (fill)
inm - memory modify (constant address)
iprobe - probe to discover valid I2C chip addresses
itest - return true/false on integer compare
loadb - load binary file over serial line (kermit mode)
loop - infinite loop on address range
md - memory display
md5 - MD5 hash calculation
mii - MII utility commands
mm - memory modify (auto-incrementing)
mtest - simple RAM test
mw - memory write (fill)
namedalloc - Allocate a named bootmem block
namedfree - Free a named bootmem block
namedprint - Print list of named bootmem blocks
nand - NAND sub-system
nm - memory modify (constant address)
pci - list and access PCI Configuraton Space
ping - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network host
printenv- print environment variables
protect - enable or disable FLASH write protection
read64 - read 64 bit word from 64 bit address
read64b - read 8 bit word from 64 bit address
read64l - read 32 bit word from 64 bit address
read64s - read 16 bit word from 64 bit address
read_cmp - read and compare memory to val
reset - Perform RESET of the CPU
run - run commands in an environment variable
saveenv - save environment variables to persistent storage
setenv - set environment variables
sleep - delay execution for some time
sofaware_blob_reset - SofaWare BLOB reset
sofaware_blob_update - SofaWare BLOB update
sofaware_preset_cfg_reset - Reset SofaWare preset configuration file
sofaware_reset2def - reset 2 defaults
sofaware_restore_image - restore SofaWare primary firmware from secondary firmware
sofaware_show_info - Print SofaWare information
sofaware_start - SofaWare start
sofaware_tftpload - load image via network using TFTP protocol
spierase
spieraseall
spiinfo
spiinit
spiread
spireaddeviceid
spiwritefile
tftpboot- boot image via network using TFTP protocol
tlv_eeprom - EEPROM data parsing for ebt3000 board
version - print monitor version
write64 - write 64 bit word to 64 bit address
write64b - write 8 bit word to 64 bit address
write64l - write 32 bit word to 64 bit address
write64s - write 16 bit word to 64 bit address
Environment variables
Sbox4_cm# printenv
bootdelay=0
baudrate=115200
download_baudrate=115200
bootloader_flash_update=protect off $(uboot_flash_addr) +$(uboot_flash_size);erase $(uboot_flash_addr) +$(uboot_flash_size);cp.b $(fileaddr) $(uboot_flash_addr) $(uboot_flash_size);run nuke_env
burn_app=erase $(flash_unused_addr) +$(filesize);cp.b $(fileaddr) $(flash_unused_addr) $(filesize)
bf=bootoct $(flash_unused_addr) forceboot numcores=$(numcores)
nuke_env=protect off $(env_addr) +$(env_size); erase $(env_addr) +$(env_size)
linux_cf=fatload ide 0 $(loadaddr) vmlinux.64;bootoctlinux $(loadaddr)
ls=fatls ide 0
autoload=n
autotest=1
ipaddr=192.168.10.1
ethact=octeth1
loadaddr=0x5700000
numcores=1
stdin=serial
stdout=serial
stderr=serial
env_addr=0xbfbe0000
env_size=0x20000
flash_base_addr=0xbfa00000
flash_size=0x200000
uboot_flash_addr=0xbfa40000
uboot_flash_size=0xa0000
flash_unused_addr=0xbfae0000
flash_unused_size=0x100000
blob_mac=REDACTED
blob_license=REDACTED
blob_activation_key=REDACTED
blob_vendor_mask=0x00002000
blob_part_number=REDACTED
blob_sfp_ports=0
blob_usb_ports=1
blob_switch_ports=4
blob_wlan_region=WORLD
blob_adsl_annex=B
sw_user_src=native
sw_kernel_src=native
sw_tftp_any_file=no
sw_test_mode=no
sw_tftpsrvmode=no
sw_pri_firm=firm1
sw_sec_firm=firm0
sw_serial_console=internal
ethaddr=REDACTED
Environment size: 1380/131068 bytes
Booting the software firmware can be achieved by executing sofaware_start. It seems that the firmware is stored in GZIP format twice on NAND. The NAND is hiding behind a VNAND driver, which needs to be initialised first.
Sbox4_cm# sofaware_start
Read primary dsl header from flash
VNAND: vnand_scan(): initialize Virtual NAND driver v1.2 25/10/09
VNAND: build_translate_table(): NAND bad block at 590 (oob bad block type = 0x0)
VNAND: build_translate_table(): NAND bad block at 770 (oob bad block type = 0x0)
VNAND: build_translate_table(): bad block 590 remap to block 1004
VNAND: build_translate_table(): bad block 770 remap to block 1005
VNAND: build_translate_table(): NAND check did find bad blocks
128 MiB
dsl main firmware is OK
Reading PRIMARY firmware header from 43384832...
Image size: 12360587 bytes
Reading PRIMARY firmware...
Verify PRIMARY firmware ...
PRIMARY firmware OK
<<***** SofaWare PRIMARY Image Details *****>>
Vendor Mask : 0x2020
Version Num : "8.2.33"
File Type : "SofaWare Firmware" (1)
Total File Size : 0x00bc9ae3
Image Size : 0x00bc9a63
Run Image Size : 0x0033aa63
Unzipped Run Image Size : 0x00741cfb
Zip Type : "GZIP"
Run Address : 0x02800000
Unzip image to address 0x02800000 ...
Running image from address 0x02800000 (cores 1)...
argv[2]: numcores=1
argv[3]: mtdparts=phys_mapped_flash:64k@0x7d0000(cfgfile)
ELF file is 64 bit
Attempting to allocate memory for ELF segment: addr: 0xffffffff80100000 (adjusted to: 0x0000000000100000), size 0x621dd8
Allocated memory for ELF segment: addr: 0xffffffff80100000, size 0x621dd8
Processing PHDR 0
Loading 5f2980 bytes at ffffffff80100000
Clearing 2f458 bytes at ffffffff806f2980
## Loading Linux kernel with entry point: 0xffffffff8053f210 ...
** SofaWare boot information (core 0) **
* license (blob): "REDACTED"
* activation key (blob): "REDACTED"
* vendor mask (blob): 0x2000
* pn (blob): "REDACTED"
* sn (blob): ""
* SFP ports (blob): 0x0
* USB ports (blob): 0x1
* Switch ports (blob): 0x4
* WLAN Region (blob): "WORLD"
* DSL Modem (blob): "Yes"
* ANNEX (blob): "B"
* extra params 1 (blob): ""
* extra params 2 (blob): ""
* extra params 3 (blob): ""
* extra params 4 (blob): ""
* extra params 5 (blob): ""
* extra params 6 (blob): ""
* extra params 7 (blob): ""
* extra params 8 (blob): ""
* default ip: 192.168.10.1
* sub model: 0x0
* image version: "8.2.33"
* firmware file name: "firm1"
* kernel image size: 7609595
* firmware image offset: 12451840
* romdisk offset: 3386123
* image crc: 0xEC45BA61
* loader ver: 15
* test mode: 1
* debug: 1
* safe@ user source: 1
* safe@ kernel source: 1
* default lan ip: ""
* default wan ip: ""
* debug host ip: ""
* debug host port: "0"
****************************************
Bootloader: Done loading app on coremask: 0x1
Linux version 2.6.27.7-Cavium-Octeon (rapson@apu.sofaware.com) (gcc version 4.3.3 (Cavium Networks Version: 1_9_0 build 80) ) #4 SMP Thu Jan 20 14:03:04 IST 2011
CVMSEG size: 2 cache lines (256 bytes)
CPU revision is: 000d0601 (Cavium Octeon)
Checking for the multiply/shift bug... no.
Checking for the daddiu bug... no.
Determined physical RAM map:
memory: 0000000007400000 @ 0000000000800000 (usable)
Wasting 114688 bytes for tracking 2048 unused pages
Initrd not found or empty - disabling initrd
Zone PFN ranges:
DMA 0x00000800 -> 0x00100000
Normal 0x00100000 -> 0x00100000
Movable zone start PFN for each node
early_node_map[1] active PFN ranges
0: 0x00000800 -> 0x00007c00
Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 29290
Kernel command line: bootoctlinux 0x02800000 numcores=1 mtdparts=phys_mapped_flash:64k@0x7d0000(cfgfile) console=ttyS1,115200
Primary instruction cache 32kB, virtually tagged, 4 way, 64 sets, linesize 128 bytes.
Primary data cache 16kB, 64-way, 2 sets, linesize 128 bytes.
PID hash table entries: 512 (order: 9, 4096 bytes)
Console: colour dummy device 80x25
console [ttyS1] enabled
Dentry cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
Memory: 114800k/118784k available (4393k kernel code, 3820k reserved, 1490k data, 206k init, 0k highmem)
Calibrating delay using timer specific routine.. 1000.89 BogoMIPS (lpj=5004497)
Mount-cache hash table entries: 256
Checking for the daddi bug... no.
Brought up 1 CPUs
net_namespace: 1208 bytes
xor: measuring software checksum speed
8regs : 814.800 MB/sec
8regs_prefetch: 752.800 MB/sec
32regs : 1140.800 MB/sec
32regs_prefetch: 1056.000 MB/sec
xor: using function: 32regs (1140.800 MB/sec)
NET: Registered protocol family 16
Enabling Octeon big bar support
PCI Status: PCI 32-bit
PCI Clock: 66 MHz
SCSI subsystem initialized
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
usbcore: registered new device driver usb
pci 0000:01:00.0: PME# supported from D0 D1 D3hot
pci 0000:01:00.0: PME# disabled
pci 0000:00:00.0: PCI bridge, secondary bus 0000:01
pci 0000:00:00.0: IO window: disabled
pci 0000:00:00.0: MEM window: 0xf0000000-0xf00fffff
pci 0000:00:00.0: PREFETCH window: disabled
pci 0000:00:01.0: PCI bridge, secondary bus 0000:02
pci 0000:00:01.0: IO window: disabled
pci 0000:00:01.0: MEM window: disabled
pci 0000:00:01.0: PREFETCH window: disabled
PCI: Enabling device 0000:00:00.0 (0000 -> 0002)
bus: 00 index 0 io port: [4000, ffffffff]
bus: 00 index 1 mmio: [11b00f0000000, 11b0130000000]
bus: 01 index 0 mmio: [0, 0]
bus: 01 index 1 mmio: [11b00f0000000, 11b00f00fffff]
bus: 01 index 2 mmio: [0, 0]
bus: 01 index 3 mmio: [0, 0]
bus: 02 index 0 mmio: [0, 0]
bus: 02 index 1 mmio: [0, 0]
bus: 02 index 2 mmio: [0, 0]
bus: 02 index 3 mmio: [0, 0]
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP route cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
TCP established hash table entries: 4096 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 4096 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 4096 bind 4096)
TCP reno registered
NET: Registered protocol family 1
/proc/octeon_perf: Octeon performace counter interface loaded
Octeon watchdog driver loaded with a timeout of 8589 ms.
OcteonUSB: Detected 1 ports
OcteonUSB OcteonUSB.0: Octeon Host Controller
OcteonUSB OcteonUSB.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
OcteonUSB OcteonUSB.0: irq 64, io mem 0x00000000
usb usb1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
hub 1-0:1.0: 1 port detected
usb usb1: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0002
usb usb1: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
usb usb1: Product: Octeon Host Controller
usb usb1: Manufacturer: Linux 2.6.27.7-Cavium-Octeon Octeon USB
usb usb1: SerialNumber: OcteonUSB.0
OcteonUSB: Registered HCD for port 0 on irq 64
HugeTLB registered 2 MB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages
VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.5.1
Dquot-cache hash table entries: 512 (order 0, 4096 bytes)
squashfs: version 3.4 (2008/08/26) Phillip Lougher
Installing knfsd (copyright (C) 1996 okir@monad.swb.de).
JFFS2 version 2.2. (NAND) © 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.
fuse init (API version 7.9)
msgmni has been set to 224
async_tx: api initialized (sync-only)
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler cfq registered (default)
pci_hotplug: PCI Hot Plug PCI Core version: 0.5
fakephp: Fake PCI Hot Plug Controller Driver
Generic LED driver initialize
usb 1-1: new high speed USB device using OcteonUSB and address 2
usb 1-1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
hub 1-1:1.0: USB hub found
hub 1-1:1.0: 4 ports detected
usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0409, idProduct=005a
usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=0, SerialNumber=0
SofaWare LED driver initialize (test mode)
Initialize DSL driver
Serial: 8250/16550 driver2 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
loop: module loaded
PPP generic driver version 2.4.2
PPP Deflate Compression module registered
PPP BSD Compression module registered
NET: Registered protocol family 24
PPPoL2TP kernel driver, V1.0
IMQ driver loaded successfully.
Hooking IMQ before NAT on PREROUTING.
Hooking IMQ after NAT on POSTROUTING.
Init ADSL control eth device
cavium-ethernet: Cavium Networks Octeon SDK version 1.9.0, build 312
Interface 0 has 3 ports (RGMII)
Enabling packet I/O on interface 0
i2c /dev entries driver
eth1: 100 Mbps Full duplex, port 0, queue 0
Uniform Multi-Platform E-IDE driver
Driver 'sd' needs updating - please use bus_type methods
Driver 'sr' needs updating - please use bus_type methods
Fusion MPT base driver 3.04.07
Copyright (c) 1999-2008 LSI Corporation
Fusion MPT SPI Host driver 3.04.07
physmap platform flash device: 00200000 at 1fa00000
physmap-flash physmap-flash.0: map_probe failed
NAND flash(on Octeon BootBus) driver for linux by GIGABYTE
Something found on bootbus: 8-bit, base=1c000000
VNAND: vnand_scan(): initialize Virtual NAND driver v1.2 25/10/09
NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0xec, Chip ID: 0xf1 (Samsung NAND 128MiB 3,3V 8-bit)
Scanning device for bad blocks
Bad eraseblock 590 at 0x049c0000
Bad eraseblock 770 at 0x06040000
VNAND: build_translate_table(): NAND bad block at 590 (oob bad block type = 0x0)
VNAND: build_translate_table(): NAND bad block at 770 (oob bad block type = 0x0)
VNAND: build_translate_table(): bad block 590 remap to block 1004
VNAND: build_translate_table(): bad block 770 remap to block 1005
VNAND: build_translate_table(): NAND check did find bad blocks
Using static partition definition
Creating 10 MTD partitions on "nand_flash":
0x00000000-0x00040000 : "Config_File"
0x00040000-0x00d80000 : "SofaWare_JFFS"
0x01b60000-0x01d60000 : "Sec_DSL_Image"
0x01d60000-0x01d80000 : "Pri_DSL_Image_Hdr"
0x01d80000-0x04b80000 : "SofaWare_Image_1"
0x01d80000-0x04b80000 : "ROMDISK"
0x01d80000-0x04b80000 : "SofaWare_Image_0"
0x06380000-0x07d80000 : "SofaWare_MMAP"
0x04b800a8-0x06380000 : "CTERA"
mtd: partition "CTERA" doesn't start on an erase block boundary -- force read-only
0x04b80000-0x06380000 : "CTIMAGE"
usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_acm
cdc_acm: v0.26:USB Abstract Control Model driver for USB modems and ISDN adapters
usbcore: registered new interface driver usblp
usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_wdm
Initializing USB Mass Storage driver...
usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
USB Mass Storage support registered.
usbcore: registered new interface driver libusual
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial
usbserial: USB Serial support registered for generic
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial_generic
usbserial: USB Serial Driver core
usbserial: USB Serial support registered for cp2101
usbcore: registered new interface driver cp2101
cp2101: Silicon Labs CP2101/CP2102 RS232 serial adaptor driver v0.07
usbserial: USB Serial support registered for FTDI USB Serial Device
usbcore: registered new interface driver ftdi_sio
ftdi_sio: v1.4.3:USB FTDI Serial Converters Driver
usbserial: USB Serial support registered for IPWireless converter
usbcore: registered new interface driver ipwtty
ipw: IPWireless tty driver v0.3
usbserial: USB Serial support registered for GSM modem (1-port)
usbcore: registered new interface driver option
option: USB Driver for GSM modems: v0.7.2
usbserial: USB Serial support registered for pl2303
usbcore: registered new interface driver pl2303
pl2303: Prolific PL2303 USB to serial adaptor driver
usbserial: USB Serial support registered for Sierra USB modem
usbcore: registered new interface driver sierra
sierra: USB Driver for Sierra Wireless USB modems: v.1.3.2
rtc-ds1307 0-0068: rtc core: registered ds1337 as rtc0
md: linear personality registered for level -1
md: raid0 personality registered for level 0
md: raid1 personality registered for level 1
md: raid10 personality registered for level 10
raid6: int64x1 322 MB/s
raid6: int64x2 373 MB/s
raid6: int64x4 375 MB/s
raid6: int64x8 258 MB/s
raid6: using algorithm int64x4 (375 MB/s)
md: raid6 personality registered for level 6
md: raid5 personality registered for level 5
md: raid4 personality registered for level 4
md: faulty personality registered for level -5
device-mapper: ioctl: 4.14.0-ioctl (2008-04-23) initialised: dm-devel@redhat.com
u32 classifier
Actions configured
ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team
TCP cubic registered
NET: Registered protocol family 17
RPC: Registered udp transport module.
RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
802.1Q VLAN Support v1.8 Ben Greear <greearb@candelatech.com>
All bugs added by David S. Miller <davem@redhat.com>
serial8250: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x1180000000800 (irq = 42) is a 16550A
serial8250: ttyS1 at MMIO 0x1180000000c00 (irq = 43) is a 16550A
cf: Octeon bootbus compact flash driver version 2.0
cf: Compact flash found in bootbus region 3 (16 bit).
cf: Serial (0 sectors, 512 bytes/sector)
cf: Compact flash not detected.
md: Autodetecting RAID arrays.
md: Scanned 0 and added 0 devices.
md: autorun ...
md: ... autorun DONE.
Partition ROMDISK found. Index == 5
Partition SofaWare_Image_1 found. Index == 4
slave->mtd.index = 0x4
slave->mtd.name = SofaWare_Image_1
slave->mtd.erasesize = 0x20000
slave->mtd.size = 0x2e00000
slave->offset = 0x1d80000
Setting partition ROMDISK offset=0x2c9ab0b size=0x88f080 [erasesize=0x20000]
mtd: partition "ROMDISK" doesn't start on an erase block boundary -- force read-only
Setting partition SofaWare_Image_1 offset=0x2960000 size=0x2220000 [erasesize=0x20000]
mount_block_root: Trying fs ext3, name: /dev/root
mount_block_root: Trying fs ext2, name: /dev/root
mount_block_root: Trying fs squashfs, name: /dev/root
VFS: Mounted root (squashfs filesystem) readonly.
/sbin/rc starting
Mounting file systems
fsck 1.38 (30-Jun-2005)
Set date by real time clock
time-stamp 1.1: 06:54:06 (1612940046 sec)
Start reset button daemon
Mount /flash
Create /var/tmp/
Create /var/log/
Create /var/run/utmp
Create /var/etc/hostap
Create /var/etc/wpa_supplicant
Create /var/etc/ppp
Create /var/lock
Create /var/etc/mgetty+sendfax
Setting up loopback
Disabling IP forwarding
vpnt: module license 'unspecified' taints kernel.
VPNT: IPv4 over VPN Tunnel driver installed
Pre-Initialization is done for the device 0x23.
Pre-Initialization is done for the device 0xc.
Arrow Switch+Phy driver installed
ath_hal: 0.9.17.1 (AR5212, AR5416, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413, RF2316, RF2317, DEBUG, REGOPS_FUNC, WRITE_EEPROM, 11D)
wlan: 0.8.4.2 (Atheros/multi-bss)
ath_rate_atheros: Copyright (c) 2001-2005 Atheros Communications, Inc, All Rights Reserved
ath_dev: Copyright (c) 2001-2007 Atheros Communications, Inc, All Rights Reserved
ath_pci: 0.9.4.5 (Atheros/multi-bss)
PCI: Enabling device 0000:01:00.0 (0000 -> 0002)
wifi0: Atheros 9287: mem=0x11b00f0000000, irq=44 hw_base=0x90011b00f0000000
wlan: mac acl policy registered
Create wlan0 interface
wlan0
Starting test mode
device eth0 entered promiscuous mode
device eth1 entered promiscuous mode
test_br: topology change detected, propagating
test_br: port 2(eth1) entering forwarding state
test_br: topology change detected, propagating
test_br: port 1(eth0) entering forwarding state
Welcome to SofaWare SBOX4
(none) login:
Unfortunately, the root account has a password..
But.. can it boot OpenWRT? Yes, it should.
At first, I was not able to boot via tftpboot, because I got checksum bad errors all over the place, even after rebooting my routers and switches, these issues remained. The USB port is also not available inside U-Boot. So I just transferred the initramfs via serial console and booted from that.
sudo ./uartboot.script
loading file
Warning: terminal type unknown: "xterm-kitty"
Fullscreen file transfer display disabled.
SF
X to cancel file, CR to resend current packet
Z to cancel group, A for status report
E to send Error packet, Ctrl-C to quit immediately:
initramfs.bin => initramfs.bin
Size: 14663952, Type: binary
File Percent Packet
Bytes Done CPS Length
14663952 100% 6706 6 [OK]
ZB
## Total Size = 0x00dfc110 = 14663952 Bytes
## Start Addr = 0x05700000
Sbox4_cm# running kernel
Connecting to /dev/tty.usbserial-A600eZVP, speed 115200
Escape character: Ctrl-\ (ASCII 28, FS): enabled
Type the escape character followed by C to get back,
or followed by ? to see other options.
----------------------------------------------------
bootoctlinux
ELF file is 64 bit
Attempting to allocate memory for ELF segment: addr: 0xffffffff81100000 (adjusted to: 0x0000000001100000), size 0x1f4a220
Allocated memory for ELF segment: addr: 0xffffffff81100000, size 0x1f4a220
Processing PHDR 0
Loading dfab30 bytes at ffffffff81100000
Clearing 114f6f0 bytes at ffffffff81efab30
## Loading Linux kernel with entry point: 0xffffffff8162eb60 ...
** SofaWare boot information (core 0) **
* license (blob): "REDACTED"
* activation key (blob): "REDACTED"
* vendor mask (blob): 0x2000
* pn (blob): "REDACTED"
* sn (blob): ""
* SFP ports (blob): 0x0
* USB ports (blob): 0x1
* Switch ports (blob): 0x4
* WLAN Region (blob): "WORLD"
* DSL Modem (blob): "Yes"
* ANNEX (blob): "B"
* extra params 1 (blob): ""
* extra params 2 (blob): ""
* extra params 3 (blob): ""
* extra params 4 (blob): ""
* extra params 5 (blob): ""
* extra params 6 (blob): ""
* extra params 7 (blob): ""
* extra params 8 (blob): ""
* default ip: 192.168.10.1
* sub model: 0x0
* image version: ""
* firmware file name: ""
* kernel image size: 0
* firmware image offset: 0
* romdisk offset: 168
* image crc: 0x0
* loader ver: 15
* test mode: 0
* debug: 1
* safe@ user source: 1
* safe@ kernel source: 1
* default lan ip: ""
* default wan ip: ""
* debug host ip: ""
* debug host port: "0"
****************************************
Bootloader: Done loading app on coremask: 0x1
[ 0.000000] Linux version 4.14.180 (builder@buildhost) (gcc version 7.5.0 (OpenWrt GCC 7.5.0 r11063-85e04e9f46)) #0 SMP Sat May 16 18:32:20 2020
[ 0.000000] CVMSEG size: 2 cache lines (256 bytes)
[ 0.000000] bootconsole [early0] enabled
[ 0.000000] CPU0 revision is: 000d0601 (Cavium Octeon+)
[ 0.000000] Checking for the multiply/shift bug... no.
[ 0.000000] Checking for the daddiu bug... no.
[ 0.000000] Determined physical RAM map:
[ 0.000000] memory: 0000000004c00000 @ 0000000003100000 (usable)
[ 0.000000] memory: 0000000001f4a220 @ 0000000001100000 (usable)
[ 0.000000] Wasting 243712 bytes for tracking 4352 unused pages
[ 0.000000] Initrd not found or empty - disabling initrd
[ 0.000000] cvmx_helper_board_get_mii_address: Unknown board type 20011
[ 0.000000] cvmx_helper_board_get_mii_address: Unknown board type 20011
[ 0.000000] cvmx_helper_board_get_mii_address: Unknown board type 20011
[ 0.000000] Using internal Device Tree.
[ 0.000000] software IO TLB: mapped [mem 0x0310b000-0x0314b000] (0MB)
[ 0.000000] Primary instruction cache 32kB, virtually tagged, 4 way, 64 sets, linesize 128 bytes.
[ 0.000000] Primary data cache 16kB, 64-way, 2 sets, linesize 128 bytes.
[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:
[ 0.000000] DMA32 [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x00000000efffffff]
[ 0.000000] Normal empty
[ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x0000000003049fff]
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000003100000-0x0000000007cfffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x0000000007cfffff]
[ 0.000000] random: get_random_bytes called from 0xffffffff817586d8 with crng_init=0
[ 0.000000] percpu: Embedded 18 pages/cpu s35632 r8192 d29904 u73728
[ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 31380
[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: bootoctlinux console=ttyS1,115200
[ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Memory: 73592K/127272K available (5336K kernel code, 338K rwdata, 808K rodata, 8864K init, 16680K bss, 53680K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
[ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=128, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
[ 0.000000] Hierarchical RCU implementation.
[ 0.000000] CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT set to non-default value of 32
[ 0.000000] RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=16 to nr_cpu_ids=1.
[ 0.000000] RCU: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=16, nr_cpu_ids=1
[ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 127
[ 2610.873231] clocksource: OCTEON_CVMCOUNT: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0xe6a171a037, max_idle_ns: 881590485102 ns
[ 2610.884090] Calibrating delay loop (skipped) preset value.. 1000.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=2000000)
[ 2610.892476] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[ 2610.897097] Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[ 2610.903489] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[ 2610.911175] Checking for the daddi bug... no.
[ 2610.916477] Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
[ 2610.921484] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...
[ 2610.925908] smp: Brought up 1 node, 1 CPU
[ 2610.933616] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645041785100000 ns
[ 2610.943262] futex hash table entries: 256 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[ 2610.950523] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[ 2610.959830] Enabling Octeon big bar support
[ 2610.969914] PCI Status: PCI 32-bit
[ 2610.974171] PCI Clock: 66 MHz
[ 2611.007303] SCSI subsystem initialized
[ 2611.011411] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[ 2611.016880] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[ 2611.022151] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[ 2611.027418] PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00
[ 2611.031415] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x11b00f0000000-0x11b0130000000] (bus address [0xf0000000-0x130000000])
[ 2611.042474] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io 0x4000-0xffffffff]
[ 2611.048975] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [??? 0x00000000 flags 0x0]
[ 2611.055741] pci_bus 0000:00: No busn resource found for root bus, will use [bus 00-ff]
[ 2611.063749] pci 0000:00:00.0: enabling Extended Tags
[ 2611.068590] pci 0000:00:00.0: Enable PCIe Retrain Link quirk
[ 2611.074622] pci 0000:00:01.0: enabling Extended Tags
[ 2611.079478] pci 0000:00:01.0: Enable PCIe Retrain Link quirk
[ 2611.085437] pci 0000:00:00.0: bridge configuration invalid ([bus 00-00]), reconfiguring
[ 2611.093322] pci 0000:00:01.0: bridge configuration invalid ([bus 03-03]), reconfiguring
[ 2611.102183] pci 0000:00:00.0: BAR 8: assigned [mem 0x11b00f0000000-0x11b00f00fffff]
[ 2611.109733] pci 0000:00:01.0: BAR 8: assigned [mem 0x11b00f0100000-0x11b00f02fffff]
[ 2611.117332] pci 0000:00:01.0: BAR 9: assigned [mem 0x11b0100000000-0x11b01001fffff 64bit pref]
[ 2611.125914] pci 0000:00:01.0: BAR 7: assigned [io 0x4000-0x4fff]
[ 2611.131991] pci 0000:01:00.0: BAR 0: assigned [mem 0x11b00f0000000-0x11b00f000ffff 64bit]
[ 2611.140144] pci 0000:00:00.0: PCI bridge to [bus 01]
[ 2611.145078] pci 0000:00:00.0: bridge window [mem 0x11b00f0000000-0x11b00f00fffff]
[ 2611.152709] pci 0000:00:01.0: PCI bridge to [bus 02]
[ 2611.157649] pci 0000:00:01.0: bridge window [io 0x4000-0x4fff]
[ 2611.163720] pci 0000:00:01.0: bridge window [mem 0x11b00f0100000-0x11b00f02fffff]
[ 2611.171351] pci 0000:00:01.0: bridge window [mem 0x11b0100000000-0x11b01001fffff 64bit pref]
[ 2611.185939] clocksource: Switched to clocksource OCTEON_CVMCOUNT
[ 2611.193011] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[ 2611.198152] TCP established hash table entries: 1024 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
[ 2611.205041] TCP bind hash table entries: 1024 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[ 2611.211430] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 1024 bind 1024)
[ 2611.217910] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 2, 24576 bytes)
[ 2611.223740] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 2, 24576 bytes)
[ 2611.230296] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[ 2611.415111] Crashlog allocated RAM at address 0x3f00000
[ 2611.422619] workingset: timestamp_bits=62 max_order=15 bucket_order=0
[ 2611.445917] squashfs: version 4.0 (2009/01/31) Phillip Lougher
[ 2611.451922] jffs2: version 2.2 (NAND) (SUMMARY) (LZMA) (RTIME) (CMODE_PRIORITY) (c) 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.
[ 2611.468926] io scheduler noop registered
[ 2611.472809] io scheduler deadline registered (default)
[ 2611.478551] octeon_gpio 1070000000800.gpio-controller: OCTEON GPIO driver probed.
[ 2611.486404] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 16 ports, IRQ sharing enabled
[ 2611.495660] 1180000000800.serial: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x1180000000800 (irq = 41, base_baud = 31250000) is a OCTEON
[ 2611.506025] 1180000000c00.serial: ttyS1 at MMIO 0x1180000000c00 (irq = 42, base_baud = 31250000) is a OCTEON
[ 2611.515778] console [ttyS1] enabled
[ 2611.515778] console [ttyS1] enabled
[ 2611.522660] bootconsole [early0] disabled
[ 2611.522660] bootconsole [early0] disabled
[ 2611.531143] octeon_rng octeon_rng: Octeon Random Number Generator
[ 2611.549441] loop: module loaded
[ 2611.553395] of-flash 1f400000.nor: Can't get bank width from device tree
[ 2611.560550] libphy: mdio_octeon: probed
[ 2611.564472] mdio_octeon 1180000001800.mdio: Probed
[ 2611.569691] libphy: Fixed MDIO Bus: probed
[ 2611.574034] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[ 2611.580620] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver
[ 2611.585198] ehci-platform: EHCI generic platform driver
[ 2611.590685] ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
[ 2611.596953] ohci-platform: OHCI generic platform driver
[ 2611.602524] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[ 2611.608645] octeon_wdt: Initial granularity 5 Sec
[ 2611.623645] Interface 0 has 3 ports (RGMII)
[ 2611.632014] octeon-hcd 16f0010000000.usbc: controller reset failed (gintsts=0x7500dc6a) - retrying
[ 2611.759041] octeon-hcd 16f0010000000.usbc: controller reset failed (gintsts=0x7500dc6a) - retrying
[ 2611.887030] octeon-hcd 16f0010000000.usbc: controller reset failed (gintsts=0x7500dc6a) - retrying
[ 2612.015027] octeon-hcd 16f0010000000.usbc: controller reset failed (gintsts=0x7500dc6a) - retrying
[ 2612.077797] random: fast init done
[ 2612.143027] octeon-hcd 16f0010000000.usbc: controller reset failed (gintsts=0x7500dc6a) - retrying
[ 2612.271055] octeon-hcd: probe of 16f0010000000.usbc failed with error -1
[ 2612.278871] NET: Registered protocol family 10
[ 2612.286587] Segment Routing with IPv6
[ 2612.290444] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[ 2612.295032] bridge: filtering via arp/ip/ip6tables is no longer available by default. Update your scripts to load br_netfilter if you need this.
[ 2612.308042] 8021q: 802.1Q VLAN Support v1.8
[ 2612.312497] Bootbus flash: Setting flash for 2MB flash at 0x1fa00000
[ 2612.319049] phys_mapped_flash: Found 1 x16 devices at 0x0 in 8-bit bank. Manufacturer ID 0x000001 Chip ID 0x000049
[ 2612.329436] Amd/Fujitsu Extended Query Table at 0x0040
[ 2612.334636] Amd/Fujitsu Extended Query version 1.3.
[ 2612.339722] number of CFI chips: 1
[ 2612.347160] OF: fdt: not creating '/sys/firmware/fdt': CRC check failed
[ 2612.361678] Freeing unused kernel memory: 8864K
[ 2612.366283] This architecture does not have kernel memory protection.
[ 2612.388489] init: Console is alive
[ 2612.392355] init: - watchdog -
[ 2612.409537] kmodloader: loading kernel modules from /etc/modules-boot.d/*
[ 2612.416880] kmodloader: done loading kernel modules from /etc/modules-boot.d/*
[ 2612.426941] init: - preinit -
[ 2612.632175] random: jshn: uninitialized urandom read (4 bytes read)
[ 2612.684740] random: jshn: uninitialized urandom read (4 bytes read)
[ 2612.725616] random: jshn: uninitialized urandom read (4 bytes read)
[ 2612.761975] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready
Press the [f] key and hit [enter] to enter failsafe mode
Press the [1], [2], [3] or [4] key and hit [enter] to select the debug level
[ 2615.917630] procd: - early -
[ 2615.920976] procd: - watchdog -
[ 2616.509698] procd: - watchdog -
[ 2616.513372] procd: - ubus -
[ 2616.522784] random: ubusd: uninitialized urandom read (4 bytes read)
[ 2616.566839] random: ubusd: uninitialized urandom read (4 bytes read)
[ 2616.573755] random: ubusd: uninitialized urandom read (4 bytes read)
[ 2616.581636] procd: - init -
Please press Enter to activate this console.
[ 2617.046694] kmodloader: loading kernel modules from /etc/modules.d/*
[ 2617.067481] ip6_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team
[ 2617.080549] urngd: v1.0.2 started.
[ 2617.096691] ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team
[ 2617.116764] nf_conntrack version 0.5.0 (1024 buckets, 4096 max)
[ 2617.218242] xt_time: kernel timezone is -0000
[ 2617.240533] PPP generic driver version 2.4.2
[ 2617.254736] NET: Registered protocol family 24
[ 2617.271625] kmodloader: done loading kernel modules from /etc/modules.d/*
[ 2617.297785] random: crng init done
[ 2617.301277] random: 4 urandom warning(s) missed due to ratelimiting
[ 2625.093549] br-lan: port 1(eth0) entered blocking state
[ 2625.098889] br-lan: port 1(eth0) entered disabled state
[ 2625.104543] device eth0 entered promiscuous mode
[ 2625.166123] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): br-lan: link is not ready
[ 2625.254034] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth1: link is not ready
BusyBox v1.30.1 () built-in shell (ash)
_______ ________ __
| |.-----.-----.-----.| | | |.----.| |_
| - || _ | -__| || | | || _|| _|
|_______|| __|_____|__|__||________||__| |____|
|__| W I R E L E S S F R E E D O M
-----------------------------------------------------
OpenWrt 19.07.3, r11063-85e04e9f46
-----------------------------------------------------
=== WARNING! =====================================
There is no root password defined on this device!
Use the "passwd" command to set up a new password
in order to prevent unauthorized SSH logins.
--------------------------------------------------
root@OpenWrt:/#
There is 2MB flash memory, where U-Boot and a failsafe U-Boot resides.
It can be dumped using the following command:
md.b 0xbfa00000 0x200000
This results in the memory being displayed on the serial console. The resulting log has to be processed using the uboot-mdb-dump script.
After processing the flash using binwalk, the two U-Boot versions are revealed.
$ binwalk dump.bin
DECIMAL HEXADECIMAL DESCRIPTION
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
239184 0x3A650 U-Boot version string, "U-Boot 1.1.1 (Development build, svnversion: u-boot:exported, exec:exported) (Build time: Feb 11 2011 - 11:42:25)"
239704 0x3A858 CRC32 polynomial table, big endian
762464 0xBA260 U-Boot version string, "U-Boot 1.1.1 SDK 1.9 (Development build) (Build time: Feb 2 2011 - 12:54:14)"
765480 0xBAE28 CRC32 polynomial table, big endian
Running strings on the flash dump, resulted in this file.
As seen in the bootlog, the firmware is stored twice on NAND as a gzipped Archive. On every boot, this archive is verified and extracted.
These are the commands to access the nand from U-Boot.
nand - NAND sub-system
nand info - show available NAND devices
nand init - Initialize NAND
nand device [dev] - show or set current device
nand read - addr off|partition size
nand write - addr off|partition size
read/write 'size' bytes starting at offset 'off'
to/from memory address 'addr', skipping bad blocks.
nand erase [clean] [off size] - erase 'size' bytes from
offset 'off' (entire device if not specified)
nand bad - show bad blocks
nand dump[.oob] off - dump page
nand scrub - really clean NAND erasing bad blocks (UNSAFE)
nand markbad off - mark bad block at offset (UNSAFE)
nand biterr off - make a bit error at offset (UNSAFE)
nand lock [tight] [status]
bring nand to lock state or display locked pages
nand unlock [offset] [size] - unlock section
As tftp was not accessible, the nand had to be dumped using the mdb method again. Because the RAM is limited (128 MB) and the NAND having the same size as the RAM, I figured that reading multiple sections would be a better idea. (This will take a day..)
setenv dump1 'nand read 0x02800000 0x0 0x1000000; md.b 0x02800000 0x1000000'
setenv dump2 'nand read 0x02800000 0x1000000 0x1000000; md.b 0x02800000 0x1000000'
setenv dump3 'nand read 0x02800000 0x2000000 0x1000000; md.b 0x02800000 0x1000000'
setenv dump4 'nand read 0x02800000 0x3000000 0x1000000; md.b 0x02800000 0x1000000'
setenv dump5 'nand read 0x02800000 0x3000000 0x1000000; md.b 0x02800000 0x1000000'
setenv dump6 'nand read 0x02800000 0x4000000 0x1000000; md.b 0x02800000 0x1000000'
setenv dump7 'nand read 0x02800000 0x5000000 0x1000000; md.b 0x02800000 0x1000000'
setenv dump8 'nand read 0x02800000 0x6000000 0x1000000; md.b 0x02800000 0x1000000'
setenv dump9 'nand read 0x02800000 0x7000000 0x1000000; md.b 0x02800000 0x1000000'
setenv dump_nand 'run dump1; run dump2;run dump3; run dump4; run dump5; run dump6; run dump7; run dump8; run dump9'
run dump_nand
Because the dump is made from multiple chunks, the original mdb script will not work anymore, because the address will not be correct anymore. Therefore, a modified version has to be used.
Binwalk the NAND dump revealed the following:
DECIMAL HEXADECIMAL DESCRIPTION
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6160384 0x5E0000 JFFS2 filesystem, big endian
28994227 0x1BA6AB3 Copyright string: "Copyright 1995-1998 Mark Adler "
28999009 0x1BA7D61 LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 1455 bytes
28999450 0x1BA7F1A LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 1237 bytes
28999787 0x1BA806B LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 34 bytes
28999865 0x1BA80B9 LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 238 bytes
28999954 0x1BA8112 LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 1566 bytes
29000548 0x1BA8364 LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 446 bytes
29000880 0x1BA84B0 LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 70 bytes
29000973 0x1BA850D LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 1003 bytes
29001410 0x1BA86C2 LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 2083 bytes
29003546 0x1BA8F1A LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 501 bytes
29003906 0x1BA9082 LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 478 bytes
29004251 0x1BA91DB LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 11754 bytes
29009768 0x1BAA768 LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 266 bytes
29010070 0x1BAA896 LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 14964 bytes
29015404 0x1BABD6C LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 455 bytes
29015787 0x1BABEEB LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 5771 bytes
29017647 0x1BAC62F LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 488 bytes
29017995 0x1BAC78B LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 478 bytes
29018337 0x1BAC8E1 LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 478 bytes
29018684 0x1BACA3C LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 1946 bytes
29019760 0x1BACE70 LZMA compressed data, properties: 0x5D, dictionary size: 8388608 bytes, uncompressed size: 1958 bytes
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30933160 0x1D800A8 gzip compressed data, fastest compression, has original file name: "sw_vmlinux.64", from Unix, last modified: 2011-01-20 12:03:08
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43385000 0x29600A8 gzip compressed data, fastest compression, has original file name: "sw_vmlinux.64", from Unix, last modified: 2011-01-20 12:03:08
46770955 0x2C9AB0B Squashfs filesystem, big endian, version 3.1, size: 8972625 bytes, 2635 inodes, blocksize: 131072 bytes, created: 2011-01-20 12:03:25
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121103070 0x737E2DE Certificate in DER format (x509 v3), header length: 4, sequence length: 2903
121103097 0x737E2F9 Certificate in DER format (x509 v3), header length: 4, sequence length: 1949
121103146 0x737E32A Certificate in DER format (x509 v3), header length: 4, sequence length: 823
121104208 0x737E750 Certificate in DER format (x509 v3), header length: 4, sequence length: 762
121105073 0x737EAB1 Certificate in DER format (x509 v3), header length: 4, sequence length: 900
124304187 0x768BB3B Squashfs filesystem, big endian, version 3.1, size: 8981713 bytes, 2636 inodes, blocksize: 131072 bytes, created: 2012-01-05 20:10:01
Looking at U-Boot strings, you can see at the end of the file that there is a sw_linux_cmdline string. This suggests, that you can inject commands into the linux command line. Setting the environment variablesetenv sw_linux_cmdline 'init=/bin/sh' finally gained root access.
Sbox4_cm# setenv sw_linux_cmdline 'init=/bin/sh'
Sbox4_cm# sofaware_start
...
Linux version 2.6.27.7-Cavium-Octeon (rapson@apu.sofaware.com) (gcc version 4.3.3 (Cavium Networks Version: 1_9_0 build 80) ) #4 SMP Thu Jan 20 14:03:04 IST 2011
CVMSEG size: 2 cache lines (256 bytes)
...
Kernel command line: bootoctlinux 0x02800000 numcores=1 mtdparts=phys_mapped_flash:64k@0x7d0000(cfgfile) init=/bin/sh console=ttyS1,115200
...
/bin/sh: can't access tty; job control turned off
/ $ whoami
root
/ $ The root account has the following hash in the /etc/passwd file.
root:$1$/D0SSg2x$AsNilmZql8dCiqo9hb8MJ/:0:0:root:/root:/bin/sh
Thanks to John, the root password was solved:
Arr0w (root)
Nice password, Check Point.
Note that there is another passwd file found in the same directory under /etc/-passwd.
Running /sbin/rc will continue initialization and activate sofaware and network interfaces.
/ $ /sbin/rc
/sbin/rc starting
Mounting file systems
fsck 1.38 (30-Jun-2005)
Set date by real time clock
time-stamp 1.1: 13:18:44 (1637846324 sec)
Start reset button daemon
Mount /flash
Create /var/tmp/
Create /var/log/
Create /var/run/utmp
Create /var/etc/hostap
Create /var/etc/wpa_supplicant
Create /var/etc/ppp
Create /var/lock
Create /var/etc/mgetty+sendfax
Setting up loopback
Disabling IP forwarding
vpnt: module license 'unspecified' taints kernel.
VPNT: IPv4 over VPN Tunnel driver installed
Pre-Initialization is done for the device 0x23.
Pre-Initialization is done for the device 0xc.
Arrow Switch+Phy driver installed
ath_hal: 0.9.17.1 (AR5212, AR5416, RF5111, RF5112, RF2413, RF5413, RF2316, RF2317, DEBUG, REGOPS_FU)
wlan: 0.8.4.2 (Atheros/multi-bss)
ath_rate_atheros: Copyright (c) 2001-2005 Atheros Communications, Inc, All Rights Reserved
ath_dev: Copyright (c) 2001-2007 Atheros Communications, Inc, All Rights Reserved
ath_pci: 0.9.4.5 (Atheros/multi-bss)
PCI: Enabling device 0000:01:00.0 (0000 -> 0002)
wifi0: Atheros 9287: mem=0x11b00f0000000, irq=44 hw_base=0x90011b00f0000000
wlan: mac acl policy registered
Create wlan0 interface
/sbin/config_wlan.sh: /sbin/config_wlan.sh: 3: wlanconfig: not found
wlan0: unknown interface: No such device
wlan0: unknown interface: No such device
<00:00:00>KDebug/0: Loading SofaWare Kernel Module
time-stamp 1.2: 13:18:47 (1637846327 sec)
starting Safe@...
Start sofaware watch dog v2
run safeAtHome!!!!
time-stamp 1.3: 13:18:47 (1637846327 sec)
/ $ <00:00:00>KDebug/0: fw_open called 300
<00:00:00>UInfo.: mac address of interface eth1 is 00:08:da:82:b0:11
<00:00:00>UInfo.: mac address of interface eth0 is 00:08:da:82:b0:0f
<00:00:00>UInfo.: Unable to get the mac address of interface
<00:00:00>UInfo.: Unable to get the mac address of interface wlan0
<00:00:00>UInfo.: mac address of interface lo:1 is 00:00:00:00:00:00
<00:00:00>UInfo.: Unable to get the mac address of interface
<00:00:00>UInfo.: mac address of port eth1 is 00:08:da:82:b0:11
<00:00:00>UInfo.: mac address of port eth2 is 00:08:da:82:b0:10
<00:00:00>UInfo.: Unable to get the mac address of port wlan0
<00:00:00>UInfo.: mac address of port eth0 is 00:08:da:82:b0:0f
<00:00:00>UInfo.: mac address of port eth0<13:18:47>KInfo./0: is 00:08:da:82:b0:0f
<00:00:00>UInfo.: mac address of port ethInitXAlloc: Allocating 25600K of core memory - Suceeded
0 is 00:08:da:82:b0:0f
<00:00:00>UInfo.: mac address of port et<13:18:47>KInfo./0: h0 is 00:08:da:82:b0:0f
<00:00:00>UDebug: Vendor mask: 8192 (0xFW1 Initialization Started
00002000)
<00:00:00>UDebug: Sub model: 0x000000c0
<00:00:00>UI<13:18:47>KInfo./0: nfo.: SW Initialization Started...
<00:00:00>UInfo.: PlatformInCheckRAM(before fw_drv_ini)
itEpilog: Set ip forward off
<00:00:00>UDebug: SW Platform Prol<13:18:47>KInfo./0: og Completed
<00:00:00>UInfo.: User Memory Pool Size Param = 40CheckRAM(after fw_drv_ini)
94K
<00:00:00>UInfo.: Kernel Memory Pool Size Param = 25600K
<<13:18:47>KInfo./0: 00:00:00>UInfo.: Vendor Specific String Param = 'SBox-200-C'
<0FW1 Initialization Completed
0:00:00>UInfo.: Vendor Version String Param = '1.4C'
registering SW classifierg/0: UInfo.: InitXAlloc: Allocating 4094K of core memory - Suceeded
<13:18:47>UDebug: Loading persistent data 'VersionString': (current version=8.2.33n, stored version)
<13:18:47>UDebug: Loading persistent data 'ModemVersionString': (current version=SW2.0.11b, stored )
<13:18:47>UDebug: No configuration file present
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifc_unassign_port ifc=1 port=3 ports mask=0x78
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifc_unassign_port ifc=1 port=4 ports mask=0x70
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifc_unassign_port ifc=1 port=5 ports mask=0x60
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifc_unassign_port ifc=1 port=6 ports mask=0x40
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifconfig_raw eth0 0.0.0.0 down
<13:18:47>UDebug: system: ifconfig eth0 0.0.0.0
<13:18:47>UDebug: system: ifconfig eth0 down
<13:18:48>KInfo./0: CheckRAM(before fw_chain_ini)
<13:18:48>KInfo./0: CheckRAM(after fw_chain_ini)
<13:18:48>KDebug/0: FW-1: 2 interfaces installed
<13:18:47>UDebug: XInterfaces: destroy ifc=1
<13:18:47>UDebug: system: ifconfig eth0 -promisc
<13:18:47>UDebug: ifconfig eth0 -promisc
<13:18:47>UDebug: system: ifconfig eth0 up
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifconfig_raw eth0 0.0.0.0 up
<13:18:47>UDebug: system: ifconfig eth0 up
<13:18:48>KInfo./0: CheckRAM(before fw_chain_ini)
<13:18:48>KInfo./0: CheckRAM(after fw_chain_ini)
<13:18:48>KDebug/0: FW-1: 1 interfaces installed
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifc_assign_port ifc=1 tag=0 port=3 net_mode=3 first_assignment=1
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifc_create ifc=1 tag=0 port=3 exist=0
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifc_up ifc=1 tag=0 exists=1 if_dev=eth0
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifconfig_raw eth0 192.168.10.1 up
<13:18:47>UDebug: system: ifconfig eth0 up
<13:18:49>KInfo./0: CheckRAM(before fw_chain_ini)
<13:18:49>KInfo./0: CheckRAM(after fw_chain_ini)
<13:18:49>KDebug/0: FW-1: 2 interfaces installed
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifc_assign_port ifc=1 tag=0 port=4 net_mode=3 first_assignment=0
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifc_assign_port ifc=1 tag=0 port=5 net_mode=3 first_assignment=0
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifc_assign_port ifc=1 tag=0 port=6 net_mode=3 first_assignment=0
<13:18:49>KInfo./0: CheckRAM(before fw_chain_ini)
<13:18:49>KInfo./0: CheckRAM(after fw_chain_ini)
<13:18:49>KDebug/0: FW-1: 2 interfaces installed
<13:18:49>KDebug/0: FW-1: 2 interfaces installed
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifconfig_raw eth2 0.0.0.0 up
<13:18:47>UDebug: system: ifconfig eth2 up
<13:18:49>KInfo./0: CheckRAM(before fw_chain_ini)
<13:18:49>KInfo./0: CheckRAM(after fw_chain_ini)
<13:18:49>KDebug/0: FW-1: 2 interfaces installed
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_port_apply_dmz_config ifc=2 qua=-1
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifc_assign_port ifc=2 tag=0 port=1 net_mode=3 first_assignment=1
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifc_create ifc=2 tag=0 port=1 exist=0
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifc_up ifc=2 tag=0 exists=1 if_dev=eth2
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifconfig_raw eth2 192.168.253.1 up
<13:18:47>UDebug: system: ifconfig eth2 up
<13:18:49>KInfo./0: CheckRAM(before fw_chain_ini)
<13:18:49>KInfo./0: CheckRAM(after fw_chain_ini)
<13:18:49>KDebug/0: FW-1: 3 interfaces installed
<13:18:49>KInfo./0: CheckRAM(before fw_chain_ini)
<13:18:49>KInfo./0: CheckRAM(after fw_chain_ini)
<13:18:49>KDebug/0: FW-1: 3 interfaces installed
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifc_apply_wan_assignment wan_ifc=0 wan_port=3 port=0 tag=0
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifc_unassign_port ifc=0 port=0 ports mask=0x1
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifconfig_raw eth1 0.0.0.0 down
<13:18:47>UDebug: system: ifconfig eth1 0.0.0.0
<13:18:47>UDebug: system: ifconfig eth1 down
<13:18:49>KInfo./0: CheckRAM(before fw_chain_ini)
<13:18:49>KInfo./0: CheckRAM(after fw_chain_ini)
<13:18:49>KDebug/0: FW-1: 3 interfaces installed
<13:18:47>UDebug: XInterfaces: destroy ifc=0<13:18:49>KDebug/0:
<13:18:47>UDebug: sw_ifc_apply_wan_assignment wan_ifc=5 wan_poksw_var_set_ppp_config: ClientIP: 0.00
rt=0 port=-1 tag=0
<13:18:47>UDebug: XServices_AllocateIdle: al<13:18:49>KDebug/0: located idle handler 0 succeeded (n0
11662c)
<13:18:47>UDebug: ADSL modem service started
At first, I thought booting OpenBSD was not possible on this device, as no output was seen after booting the OpenBSD RAMDISK. Then, after checking the external serialport, the following was observed:
INitial setup done, switching cOnsole.
boOtdesc->descver:7
boot_desc->desc_size:400
bootdesc->stack_tOp:0
bOot_desc->heap_start:0
boot_desc->heap_end:0
bootdesc->argc:2
boot_desc->flags:0xd
boot_desc->core_mask:0x1
bootdesc->dram_size:128
bOot_desc->phymemdesc_addr:0
bootdesc->debugger_flagaddr:0xa28
bOot_desc->eclock:500000000
boot_desc->boot_iNfo_addr:0x1001f0
boot_infO->vermajor:1
boot_info->ver_minor:2
boOtinfo->stack_top:0
boot_info->heap_start:0
bootinfo->heapend:0
boot_info->boot_desc_addr:0
boot_iNfo->exception_base_addr:0x1000
boot_info->stack_size:0
bootinfo->flags:0xd
bootinfo->core_mask:0x1
bOot_info->dram_size:128
boot_info->phys_memdesc_addr:0xfdef0
boot_info->debugger_flags_addr:0
boOt_info->eclock:500000000
boOt_info->dclock:331000000
boOtinfo->board_type:20011
boOtinfo->board_rev_major:2
bOot_info->bOardrev_minor:0
boOtinfo->mac_addr_count:255
boOt_info->cf_common_addr:0x1d000800
boOt_info->cf_attr_addr:0x1d010000
boot_info->led_display_addr:0
boOt_info->dfaclock:0
bOot_info->cOnfig_flags:0x9
Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993
The RegeNts of the University Of California. All rights reserved.
Copyright (c) 1995-2020 OpenBSD All rights reserved. https://gww.OpenBSD.org
OpenBSD 68 (RAMDISK) #392: Sun Oct 4 21:51:36 MDT 2020
deraadt@octeon.opeNbsd.org:/usrsrc/sys/arch/octeon/cOmpile/RAMDISK
real mem = 134217728 (128MB)
avail mem = 122781696 (117MB)
random: boothowtO does not indicate goOd seed
lainbus0 at rOot: board 20011 rev 2.0, mOdel CN3xxxCN5xxx
cpu0 at mainbus0: CN50xx CPU rev 0.1 500 MHz, Softgare FP emulatiOn
cpu0: cache L1-I 32KB 4 way D 16KB 64 way, L2 128KB 8 way
clock0 at mainbus0: int 5
iobus0 at mainbus0
simplebus0 at iobus0: "soc"
octciu0 at simplebus0
octsmi0 at simplebus0
octpip0 at simplebus0
Octgmx0 at octpip0 interface 0
com0 at simplebus0: ns16550a, 64 byte fifO
dwctwo0 at iobus0 base 0x1180068000000 irq 56
usb0 at dwctwO0: USB revision 2.0
thub0 at usb0 coNfiguration 1 interface 0 "OcteOn DWC2 root hub" rev 200/1.00 addr 1
Octcf0 at iobus0 base 0x1d000800 irq 0octcfgetparams: identify failed: 6
: IDENTIFY failed
Octrtc0 at mainbus0: DS1337
thub1 at uhub0 port 1 configuration 1 interface 0 "NEC hub" rev 2.00/1.00 addr 2
root on rd0a swap on rd0b dump on rd0b
WARNING: CHECK AND RESET THE DATE!
erase ?, werase ^W, kill ^U, intr ^C, status ^T
WelcOme to the OpeNBSDocteon 6.8 installation program.
(I)nstall, (U)pgrade, (A)utoinstall or (S)hell?
Mii information:
Sbox4_cm# mii info
PHY 0x0D: OUI = 0x5043, Model = 0x0C, Rev = 0x02, 10baseT, HDX
PHY 0x10: OUI = 0x43FC4, Model = 0x0F, Rev = 0x0F, 100baseT, FDX
Found in strings:
e1240 write 0x4 0x3 0x10 0x8808 0xFF0F
e1240 write 0x5 0x3 0x10 0x8808 0xFF0F
e1240 write 0x6 0x3 0x10 0x8808 0xFF0F
e1240 write 0x7 0x3 0x10 0x8808 0xFF0F
Turn off lan led.
mii write 0xC 0x19 0x0002
mii write 0xD 0x19 0x0002
Therefore the addresses could be:
eth0 -> 0x0C
eth1 -> 0x0D
eth2 -> 0x10
Reverse Engineered Using Ghidra:
eth0 0xc;
eth1 0xffffffffffffffff;
eth2 0xd;
This does not seem to make a lot of sense..
puVar5 = cvmx_sysinfo_get();
lVar10 = (uVar15 + uVar11 * 0x1000000) * 8;
if (*(short *)(puVar5 + 0x40) != 0x4e2b) {
*(undefined8 *)(&DAT_80011800b0000048 + lVar10) = 0x10;
*(undefined8 *)(&DAT_80011800b0000020 + lVar10) = 0x10;
}
ASX TX&RX = 0x10