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bin/ | ||
.output/ | ||
.vscode/ |
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[submodule "libbpf"] | ||
path = libbpf | ||
url = https://github.com/libbpf/libbpf |
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Apache License | ||
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# pamspy -- Credentials Dumper for Linux | ||
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`pamspy` leverage eBPF technologies to achieve an equivalent work of [3snake](https://github.com/blendin/3snake). | ||
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It will track a particular userland function inside the PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules) library, used by many critical applications to handle authentication like: | ||
* sudo | ||
* sshd | ||
* passwd | ||
* gnome | ||
* x11 | ||
* and many other ... | ||
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![Demo](.img/pamspy.gif) | ||
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## How to launch? | ||
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`pamspy` is built as a static binary without any dependencies, and available on the [release]() page. | ||
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``` | ||
Usage: pamspy [OPTION...] | ||
pamspy | ||
Uses eBPF to dump secrets use by PAM (Authentication) module | ||
By hooking the pam_get_authtok function in libpam.so | ||
USAGE: ./pamspy -p $(/usr/sbin/ldconfig -p | grep libpam.so | cut -d ' ' -f4) -d /var/log/trace.0 | ||
-d, --daemon=PATH TO OUTPUT CREDENTIALS | ||
Start pamspy in daemon mode and output in the file | ||
passed as argument | ||
-p, --path=PATH Path to the libpam.so file | ||
-r, --print-headers Print headers of the program | ||
-v, --verbose Verbose mode | ||
-?, --help Give this help list | ||
--usage Give a short usage message | ||
-V, --version Print program version | ||
Mandatory or optional arguments to long options are also mandatory or optional | ||
for any corresponding short options. | ||
Report bugs to . | ||
``` | ||
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As `pamspy` rely on libpam, we have to set the path where libpam is installed on your distribution. To find where libpam is installed you can run the following command : | ||
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``` | ||
> /usr/sbin/ldconfig -p | grep libpam.so | cut -d ' ' -f4 | ||
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpam.so.0 | ||
``` | ||
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Once you get the path you can launch `pamspy` : | ||
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``` | ||
> ./pamspy -p /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpam.so.0 | ||
``` | ||
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An easy way to launch `pamspy` is to use the following command : | ||
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``` | ||
> ./pamspy -p $(/usr/sbin/ldconfig -p | grep libpam.so | cut -d ' ' -f4) | ||
``` | ||
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`pamspy` can also be started as a daemon by providing an output file where credentials will be written: | ||
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``` | ||
./pamspy -p $(/usr/sbin/ldconfig -p | grep libpam.so | cut -d ' ' -f4) -d /tmp/credentials | ||
``` | ||
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## How to build? | ||
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To build the static binary, we need third-party program. For eBPF we need `clang` to compile the C code into eBPF CO-RE code. | ||
We also rely on `bpftool` to create a skeleton from ebpf program to include it in our userland program. Then we need also `libelf` to find the correct symbol in libpam. | ||
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``` | ||
sudo apt install make clang-11 gcc libelf-dev bpftool | ||
``` | ||
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Then just build! | ||
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``` | ||
git clone https://github.com/citronneur/pamspy --recursive | ||
cd pamspy/src | ||
make | ||
``` | ||
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## How does It works? | ||
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`pamspy` will load a userland return probe eBPF program to hook the `pam_get_authtok` function from `libpam.so`. | ||
PAM stands for "Pluggable Authentication Modules", and have a flexible design to manage a different kind of authentication on Linux. | ||
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Each time an authentication process tries to check a new user, It will call `pam_get_authtok`, and will be here to dump the content of the critical secrets! | ||
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Easy! Enjoy! | ||
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## Credits and references | ||
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Thanks to @blendin for 3snake tool !!! | ||
|
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# SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause) | ||
OUTPUT := .output | ||
BIN := bin | ||
CLANG ?= clang-11 | ||
LLVM_STRIP ?= llvm-strip-11 | ||
BPFTOOL ?= /usr/sbin/bpftool | ||
LIBBPF_SRC := $(abspath ../libbpf/src) | ||
LIBBPF_OBJ := $(abspath $(OUTPUT)/libbpf.a) | ||
INCLUDES := -I$(OUTPUT) | ||
CFLAGS := -g -Wall | ||
ARCH := $(shell uname -m | sed 's/x86_64/x86/') | ||
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# Get Clang's default includes on this system. We'll explicitly add these dirs | ||
# to the includes list when compiling with `-target bpf` because otherwise some | ||
# architecture-specific dirs will be "missing" on some architectures/distros - | ||
# headers such as asm/types.h, asm/byteorder.h, asm/socket.h, asm/sockios.h, | ||
# sys/cdefs.h etc. might be missing. | ||
# | ||
# Use '-idirafter': Don't interfere with include mechanics except where the | ||
# build would have failed anyways. | ||
CLANG_BPF_SYS_INCLUDES = $(shell $(CLANG) -v -E - </dev/null 2>&1 \ | ||
| sed -n '/<...> search starts here:/,/End of search list./{ s| \(/.*\)|-idirafter \1|p }') | ||
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ifeq ($(V),1) | ||
Q = | ||
msg = | ||
else | ||
Q = @ | ||
msg = @printf ' %-8s %s%s\n' \ | ||
"$(1)" \ | ||
"$(patsubst $(abspath $(OUTPUT))/%,%,$(2))" \ | ||
"$(if $(3), $(3))"; | ||
MAKEFLAGS += --no-print-directory | ||
endif | ||
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.PHONY: all | ||
all: pamspy | ||
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.PHONY: clean | ||
clean: | ||
$(call msg,CLEAN) | ||
$(Q)rm -rf $(OUTPUT) $(APPS) $(BIN) | ||
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$(OUTPUT) $(OUTPUT)/libbpf $(BIN): | ||
$(call msg,MKDIR,$@) | ||
$(Q)mkdir -p $@ | ||
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# Build libbpf | ||
$(LIBBPF_OBJ): $(wildcard $(LIBBPF_SRC)/*.[ch] $(LIBBPF_SRC)/Makefile) | $(OUTPUT)/libbpf | ||
$(call msg,LIB,$@) | ||
$(Q)$(MAKE) -C $(LIBBPF_SRC) BUILD_STATIC_ONLY=1 \ | ||
OBJDIR=$(dir $@)/libbpf DESTDIR=$(dir $@) \ | ||
INCLUDEDIR= LIBDIR= UAPIDIR= \ | ||
install | ||
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# Build BPF code | ||
$(OUTPUT)/pamspy.bpf.o: pamspy.bpf.c $(LIBBPF_OBJ) $(wildcard %.h) vmlinux.h | ||
$(call msg,BPF,$@) | ||
$(Q)$(CLANG) -g -O2 -target bpf -D__TARGET_ARCH_$(ARCH) $(INCLUDES) $(CLANG_BPF_SYS_INCLUDES) -c $(filter %.c,$^) -o $@ | ||
$(Q)$(LLVM_STRIP) -g $@ # strip useless DWARF info | ||
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# Generate BPF skeletons | ||
$(OUTPUT)/pamspy.skel.h: $(OUTPUT)/pamspy.bpf.o | ||
$(call msg,GEN-SKEL,$@) | ||
$(Q)$(BPFTOOL) gen skeleton $< > $@ | ||
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# Build user-space code | ||
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$(OUTPUT)/pamspy.o: pamspy.c $(wildcard %.h) $(OUTPUT)/pamspy.skel.h | $(OUTPUT) | ||
$(call msg,CC,$@) | ||
$(Q)$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INCLUDES) -c $(filter %.c,$^) -o $@ | ||
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$(OUTPUT)/pamspy_symbol.o: pamspy_symbol.c $(wildcard %.h) | $(OUTPUT) | ||
$(call msg,CC,$@) | ||
$(Q)$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INCLUDES) -c $(filter %.c,$^) -o $@ | ||
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# Build application binary | ||
pamspy: $(OUTPUT)/pamspy.o $(OUTPUT)/pamspy_symbol.o $(LIBBPF_OBJ) $(BIN) | $(OUTPUT) | ||
$(call msg,BINARY,$@) | ||
$(Q)$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o bin/$@ $(OUTPUT)/pamspy_symbol.o $(OUTPUT)/pamspy.o $(LIBBPF_OBJ) -l:libelf.a -l:libz.a -static | ||
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# Build helpers | ||
$(HELPERS): | ||
$(call msg,BINARY,$@) | ||
$(Q)$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $@.c -o bin/$@ | ||
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# delete failed targets | ||
.DELETE_ON_ERROR: | ||
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# keep intermediate (.skel.h, .bpf.o, etc) targets | ||
.SECONDARY: | ||
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