mpfrxx.h

/* mpfrxx.h -- C++ class wrapper for MPFR.  -*- C++ -*-

Copyright 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

This file is part of the GNU MP Library.

The GNU MP Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at your
option) any later version.

The GNU MP Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Lesser General Public
License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
along with the GNU MP Library; see the file COPYING.LIB.  If not, write to
the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston,
MA 02111-1307, USA. */

#ifndef __GMPFR_PLUSPLUS__
#define __GMPFR_PLUSPLUS__

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <gmp.h>
#include <mpfr.h>
#include "gmpxx.h"


class __gmpfr_value { };

template <class T, class U>
void __gmp_set_expr(mpfr_ptr, const __gmp_expr<T, U> &);

const int mpfr_default_base = 10;


/**************** Macros for in-class declarations ****************/

#define __GMPFRR_DECLARE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR(fun)                             \
  template <class T, class U>                                               \
  __gmp_expr<__gmpfr_value, __gmpfr_value> & fun(const __gmp_expr<T, U> &);

#define __GMPFRN_DECLARE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR(fun) \
  __gmp_expr & fun(signed char);                \
  __gmp_expr & fun(unsigned char);              \
  __gmp_expr & fun(signed int);                 \
  __gmp_expr & fun(unsigned int);               \
  __gmp_expr & fun(signed short int);           \
  __gmp_expr & fun(unsigned short int);         \
  __gmp_expr & fun(signed long int);            \
  __gmp_expr & fun(unsigned long int);          \
  __gmp_expr & fun(float);                      \
  __gmp_expr & fun(double);                     \
  __gmp_expr & fun(long double);

#define __GMPFR_DECLARE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR(fun) \
__GMPFRR_DECLARE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR(fun)        \
__GMPFRN_DECLARE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR(fun)

#define __GMPFR_DECLARE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR_UI(fun) \
  __gmp_expr & fun(unsigned long int);

#define __GMPFR_DECLARE_INCREMENT_OPERATOR(fun) \
  inline __gmp_expr & fun();                    \
  inline __gmp_expr fun(int);


/**************** mpfr_class -- wrapper for mpfr_t ****************/

template <>
class __gmp_expr<__gmpfr_value, __gmpfr_value>
{
private:
  mpfr_t mp;
public:
  // size information
  unsigned long int get_prec() const { return mpfr_get_prec(mp); }

  // constructors and destructor
  __gmp_expr() { mpfr_init(mp); }

  __gmp_expr(const __gmp_expr &f)
  {
    mpfr_init2(mp, f.get_prec());
    mpfr_set(mp, f.mp, __gmp_default_rounding_mode);
  }
  __gmp_expr(const __gmp_expr &f, unsigned long int prec,
	     mp_rnd_t mode = __gmp_default_rounding_mode)
  { mpfr_init2(mp, prec); mpfr_set(mp, f.mp, mode); }
  template <class T, class U>
  __gmp_expr(const __gmp_expr<T, U> &expr)
  { mpfr_init2(mp, expr.get_prec()); __gmp_set_expr(mp, expr); }
  template <class T, class U>
  __gmp_expr(const __gmp_expr<T, U> &expr, unsigned long int prec)
  { mpfr_init2(mp, prec); __gmp_set_expr(mp, expr); }

  __gmp_expr(signed char c)
  { mpfr_init(mp); mpfr_set_si(mp, c, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); }
  __gmp_expr(signed char c, unsigned long int prec,
	     mp_rnd_t mode = __gmp_default_rounding_mode)
  { mpfr_init2(mp, prec); mpfr_set_si(mp, c, mode); }
  __gmp_expr(unsigned char c)
  { mpfr_init(mp); mpfr_set_ui(mp, c, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); }
  __gmp_expr(unsigned char c, unsigned long int prec,
	     mp_rnd_t mode = __gmp_default_rounding_mode)
  { mpfr_init2(mp, prec); mpfr_set_ui(mp, c, mode); }

  __gmp_expr(signed int i)
  { mpfr_init(mp); mpfr_set_si(mp, i, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); }
  __gmp_expr(signed int i, unsigned long int prec,
	     mp_rnd_t mode = __gmp_default_rounding_mode)
  { mpfr_init2(mp, prec); mpfr_set_si(mp, i, mode); }
  __gmp_expr(unsigned int i)
  { mpfr_init(mp); mpfr_set_ui(mp, i, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); }
  __gmp_expr(unsigned int i, unsigned long int prec,
	     mp_rnd_t mode = __gmp_default_rounding_mode)
  { mpfr_init2(mp, prec); mpfr_set_ui(mp, i, mode); }

  __gmp_expr(signed short int s)
  { mpfr_init(mp); mpfr_set_si(mp, s, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); }
  __gmp_expr(signed short int s, unsigned long int prec,
	     mp_rnd_t mode = __gmp_default_rounding_mode)
  { mpfr_init2(mp, prec); mpfr_set_si(mp, s, mode); }
  __gmp_expr(unsigned short int s)
  { mpfr_init(mp); mpfr_set_ui(mp, s, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); }
  __gmp_expr(unsigned short int s, unsigned long int prec,
	     mp_rnd_t mode = __gmp_default_rounding_mode)
  { mpfr_init2(mp, prec); mpfr_set_ui(mp, s, mode); }

  __gmp_expr(signed long int l)
  { mpfr_init(mp); mpfr_set_si(mp, l, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); }
  __gmp_expr(signed long int l, unsigned long int prec,
	     mp_rnd_t mode = __gmp_default_rounding_mode)
  { mpfr_init2(mp, prec); mpfr_set_si(mp, l, mode); }
  __gmp_expr(unsigned long int l)
  { mpfr_init(mp); mpfr_set_ui(mp, l, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); }
  __gmp_expr(unsigned long int l, unsigned long int prec,
	     mp_rnd_t mode = __gmp_default_rounding_mode)
  { mpfr_init2(mp, prec); mpfr_set_ui(mp, l, mode); }

  __gmp_expr(float f)
  { mpfr_init(mp); mpfr_set_d(mp, f, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); }
  __gmp_expr(float f, unsigned long int prec,
	     mp_rnd_t mode = __gmp_default_rounding_mode)
  { mpfr_init2(mp, prec); mpfr_set_d(mp, f, mode); }
  __gmp_expr(double d)
  { mpfr_init(mp); mpfr_set_d(mp, d, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); }
  __gmp_expr(double d, unsigned long int prec,
	     mp_rnd_t mode = __gmp_default_rounding_mode)
  { mpfr_init2(mp, prec); mpfr_set_d(mp, d, mode); }
  /*
  __gmp_expr(long double ld)
  { mpfr_init(mp); mpfr_set_d(mp, ld, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); }
  __gmp_expr(long double ld, unsigned long int prec,
	     mp_rnd_t mode = __gmp_default_rounding_mode)
  { mpfr_init2(mp, prec); mpfr_set_d(mp, ld, mode); }
  */

  /*
  explicit __gmp_expr(const char *s)
  { mpfr_init_set_str(mp, s, mpfr_default_base); }
  __gmp_expr(const char *s, int base) { mpfr_init_set_str(mp, s, base); }
  explicit __gmp_expr(const std::string &s)
  { mpfr_init_set_str(mp, s.c_str(), mpfr_default_base); }
  __gmp_expr(const std::string &s, int base)
  { mpfr_init_set_str(mp, s.c_str(), base); }
  */

  explicit __gmp_expr(mpfr_srcptr f)
  {
    mpfr_init2(mp, mpfr_get_prec(f));
    mpfr_set(mp, f, __gmp_default_rounding_mode);
  }
  explicit __gmp_expr(mpfr_srcptr f, unsigned long int prec)
  {
    mpfr_init2(mp, prec);
    mpfr_set(mp, f, __gmp_default_rounding_mode);
  }

  ~__gmp_expr() { mpfr_clear(mp); }

  // assignment operators
  __gmp_expr & operator=(const __gmp_expr &f)
  { mpfr_set(mp, f.mp, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); return *this; }
  template <class T, class U>
  __gmp_expr<__gmpfr_value, __gmpfr_value> & operator=
  (const __gmp_expr<T, U> &expr)
  { __gmp_set_expr(mp, expr); return *this; }

  __gmp_expr & operator=(signed char c)
  { mpfr_set_si(mp, c, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); return *this; }
  __gmp_expr & operator=(unsigned char c)
  { mpfr_set_ui(mp, c, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); return *this; }

  __gmp_expr & operator=(signed int i)
  { mpfr_set_si(mp, i, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); return *this; }
  __gmp_expr & operator=(unsigned int i)
  { mpfr_set_ui(mp, i, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); return *this; }

  __gmp_expr & operator=(signed short int s)
  { mpfr_set_si(mp, s, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); return *this; }
  __gmp_expr & operator=(unsigned short int s)
  { mpfr_set_ui(mp, s, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); return *this; }

  __gmp_expr & operator=(signed long int l)
  { mpfr_set_si(mp, l, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); return *this; }
  __gmp_expr & operator=(unsigned long int l)
  { mpfr_set_ui(mp, l, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); return *this; }

  __gmp_expr & operator=(float f)
  { mpfr_set_d(mp, f, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); return *this; }
  __gmp_expr & operator=(double d)
  { mpfr_set_d(mp, d, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); return *this; }
  /*
  __gmp_expr & operator=(long double ld)
  { mpfr_set_d(mp, ld, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); return *this; }
  */

  /*
  __gmp_expr & operator=(const char *s)
  { mpfr_set_str(mp, s, mpfr_default_base); return *this; }
  __gmp_expr & operator=(const std::string &s)
  { mpfr_set_str(mp, s.c_str(), mpfr_default_base); return *this; }

  // string input/output functions
  int set_str(const std::string &s, int base)
  { return mpfr_set_str(mp, s.c_str(), base); }
  */
  std::string get_str(mp_exp_t *expo, int base, size_t size,
		      mp_rnd_t rmode = __gmp_default_rounding_mode) const
  {
    __gmp_alloc_cstring temp(mpfr_get_str(0, expo, base, size, mp, rmode));
    return std::string(temp.str);
  }

  // conversion functions
  mpfr_srcptr get_mpfr_t() const { return mp; }
  mpfr_ptr get_mpfr_t() { return mp; }

  // signed long get_si() const { return mpfr_get_si(mp); }
  // unsigned long get_ui() const { return mpfr_get_ui(mp); }
  double get_d() const // should be long double
  { return mpfr_get_d(mp, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); }

  // compound assignments
  __GMPFR_DECLARE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR(operator+=)
  __GMPFR_DECLARE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR(operator-=)
  __GMPFR_DECLARE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR(operator*=)
  __GMPFR_DECLARE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR(operator/=)

  __GMPFR_DECLARE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR_UI(operator<<=)
  __GMPFR_DECLARE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR_UI(operator>>=)

  __GMPFR_DECLARE_INCREMENT_OPERATOR(operator++)
  __GMPFR_DECLARE_INCREMENT_OPERATOR(operator--)
};

typedef __gmp_expr<__gmpfr_value, __gmpfr_value> mpfr_class;


inline std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &o, const mpfr_class &f)
{
  mp_exp_t expo;
  int base = 10;
  __gmp_alloc_cstring temp(mpfr_get_str(0, &expo, base, 0, f.get_mpfr_t(),
					__gmp_default_rounding_mode));

  // cancel terminating zeros
  for (size_t i=strlen(temp.str)-1; temp.str[i]=='0' && i>0; --i)
    temp.str[i] = '\0';

  if (*temp.str == '-')
    o << "-0." << temp.str+1;
  else
    o << "0." << temp.str;

  if (base <= 10)
    o << "e" << expo;
  else
    o << "@" << expo;

  return o;
}

template <class T>
inline std::ostream & operator<<
(std::ostream &o, const __gmp_expr<__gmpfr_value, T> &expr)
{
  mpfr_class temp(expr);
  return o << temp;
}

inline std::istream & operator>>(std::istream &i, mpfr_class &f)
{
  mpf_t temp;
  mpf_init2(temp, f.get_prec());
  i >> temp;
  mpfr_set_f(f.get_mpfr_t(), temp, __gmp_default_rounding_mode);
  mpf_clear(temp);
  return i;
}


/**************** Classes for type conversion ****************/

class __gmpfr_temp
{
private:
  mpfr_srcptr mp;
  bool is_temp;
  mpfr_t temp;

  __gmpfr_temp();
  __gmpfr_temp(const __gmpfr_temp &);
  void operator=(const __gmpfr_temp &);
public:
  __gmpfr_temp(const mpfr_class &f) : mp(f.get_mpfr_t()), is_temp(false) { }
  __gmpfr_temp(const mpfr_class &f, unsigned long int)
    : mp(f.get_mpfr_t()), is_temp(false) { }
  template <class T, class U>
  __gmpfr_temp(const __gmp_expr<T, U> &expr)
  {
    mpfr_init2(temp, expr.get_prec());
    __gmp_set_expr(temp, expr);
    mp = temp;
    is_temp = true;
  }
  template <class T, class U>
  __gmpfr_temp(const __gmp_expr<T, U> &expr, unsigned long int prec)
  {
    mpfr_init2(temp, prec);
    __gmp_set_expr(temp, expr);
    mp = temp;
    is_temp = true;
  }
  ~__gmpfr_temp() { if (is_temp) mpfr_clear(temp); }

  mpfr_srcptr get_mp() const { return mp; }
};


template <>
struct __gmp_resolve_expr<__gmpz_value, __gmpfr_value>
{
  typedef __gmpfr_value value_type;
  typedef __gmpfr_temp temp_type;
};

template <>
struct __gmp_resolve_expr<__gmpfr_value, __gmpz_value>
{
  typedef __gmpfr_value value_type;
  typedef __gmpfr_temp temp_type;
};

template <>
struct __gmp_resolve_expr<__gmpq_value, __gmpfr_value>
{
  typedef __gmpfr_value value_type;
  typedef __gmpfr_temp temp_type;
};

template <>
struct __gmp_resolve_expr<__gmpfr_value, __gmpq_value>
{
  typedef __gmpfr_value value_type;
  typedef __gmpfr_temp temp_type;
};

template <>
struct __gmp_resolve_expr<__gmpf_value, __gmpfr_value>
{
  typedef __gmpfr_value value_type;
  typedef __gmpfr_temp temp_type;
};

template <>
struct __gmp_resolve_expr<__gmpfr_value, __gmpf_value>
{
  typedef __gmpfr_value value_type;
  typedef __gmpfr_temp temp_type;
};

template <>
struct __gmp_resolve_expr<__gmpfr_value, __gmpfr_value>
{
  typedef __gmpfr_value value_type;
  typedef __gmpfr_temp temp_type;
};


/*
template <class T>
inline void __gmp_set_expr(mpz_ptr z, const mpfr_class &f)
{
  mpz_set_fr(z, f.get_mpfr_t());
}

template <class T>
inline void __gmp_set_expr
(mpz_ptr z, const __gmp_expr<__gmpfr_value, T> &expr)
{
  mpfr_class temp(expr);
  mpz_set_fr(z, temp.get_mpfr_t());
}

template <class T>
inline void __gmp_set_expr(mpq_ptr q, const mpfr_class &f)
{
  mpq_set_fr(q, f.get_mpfr_t());
}

template <class T>
inline void __gmp_set_expr
(mpq_ptr q, const __gmp_expr<__gmpfr_value, T> &expr)
{
  mpfr_class temp(expr);
  mpq_set_fr(q, temp.get_mpfr_t());
}

template <class T>
inline void __gmp_set_expr(mpf_ptr f, const mpfr_class &g)
{
  mpf_set_fr(f, g.get_mpfr_t());
}

template <class T>
inline void __gmp_set_expr
(mpf_ptr f, const __gmp_expr<__gmpfr_value, T> &expr)
{
  mpfr_class temp(expr);
  mpf_set_fr(f, temp.get_mpfr_t());
}
*/

template <class T>
inline void __gmp_set_expr(mpfr_ptr f, const mpz_class &z)
{
  mpfr_set_z(f, z.get_mpz_t(), __gmp_default_rounding_mode);
}

template <class T>
inline void __gmp_set_expr(mpfr_ptr f, const mpz_classref &z)
{
  mpfr_set_z(f, z.get_mpz_t(), __gmp_default_rounding_mode);
}

template <class T>
inline void __gmp_set_expr
(mpfr_ptr f, const __gmp_expr<__gmpz_value, T> &expr)
{
  mpz_class temp(expr);
  mpfr_set_z(f, temp.get_mpz_t(), __gmp_default_rounding_mode);
}

template <class T>
inline void __gmp_set_expr(mpfr_ptr f, const mpq_class &q)
{
  mpfr_set_q(f, q.get_mpq_t(), __gmp_default_rounding_mode);
}

template <class T>
inline void __gmp_set_expr
(mpfr_ptr f, const __gmp_expr<__gmpq_value, T> &expr)
{
  mpq_class temp(expr);
  mpfr_set_q(f, temp.get_mpq_t(), __gmp_default_rounding_mode);
}

template <class T>
inline void __gmp_set_expr(mpfr_ptr f, const mpf_class &g)
{
  mpfr_set_f(f, g.get_mpf_t(), __gmp_default_rounding_mode);
}

template <class T>
inline void __gmp_set_expr
(mpfr_ptr f, const __gmp_expr<__gmpf_value, T> &expr)
{
  mpq_class temp(expr);
  mpfr_set_f(f, temp.get_mpf_t(), __gmp_default_rounding_mode);
}

template <>
inline void __gmp_set_expr(mpfr_ptr f, const mpfr_class &g)
{
  mpfr_set(f, g.get_mpfr_t(), __gmp_default_rounding_mode);
}

template <class T>
inline void __gmp_set_expr
(mpfr_ptr f, const __gmp_expr<__gmpfr_value, T> &expr)
{
  expr.eval(f, mpfr_get_prec(f));
}


/**************** Specializations of __gmp_expr ****************/

// unary expressions

template <class Op>
class __gmp_expr<__gmpfr_value, __gmp_unary_expr<mpfr_class, Op> >
{
private:
  __gmp_unary_expr<mpfr_class, Op> expr;
public:
  __gmp_expr(const mpfr_class &val) : expr(val) { }
  void eval(mpfr_ptr f, unsigned long int) const
  { Op::eval(f, expr.val.get_mpfr_t(), __gmp_default_rounding_mode); }
  unsigned long int get_prec() const
  { return mpfr_get_prec(expr.val.get_mpfr_t()); }
};

template <class T, class U, class Op>
class __gmp_expr<__gmpfr_value, __gmp_unary_expr<__gmp_expr<T, U>, Op> >
{
private:
  __gmp_unary_expr<__gmp_expr<T, U>, Op> expr;
public:
  __gmp_expr(const __gmp_expr<T, U> &val) : expr(val) { }
  void eval(mpfr_ptr f, unsigned long int prec) const
  {
    mpfr_class temp(expr.val, prec);
    Op::eval(f, temp.get_mpfr_t(), __gmp_default_rounding_mode);
  }
  unsigned long int get_prec() const { return expr.val.get_prec(); }
};


// binary expressions

template <class Op>
class __gmp_expr
<__gmpfr_value, __gmp_binary_expr<mpfr_class, mpfr_class, Op> >
{
private:
  __gmp_binary_expr<mpfr_class, mpfr_class, Op> expr;
public:
  __gmp_expr(const mpfr_class &val1, const mpfr_class &val2)
    : expr(val1, val2) { }
  void eval(mpfr_ptr f, unsigned long int) const
  { Op::eval(f, expr.val1.get_mpfr_t(), expr.val2.get_mpfr_t(),
	     __gmp_default_rounding_mode); }
  unsigned long int get_prec() const
  {
    unsigned long int prec1 = expr.val1.get_prec(),
      prec2 = expr.val2.get_prec();
    return (prec1 > prec2) ? prec1 : prec2;
  }
};

template <class T, class Op>
class __gmp_expr<__gmpfr_value, __gmp_binary_expr<mpfr_class, T, Op> >
{
private:
  __gmp_binary_expr<mpfr_class, T, Op> expr;
public:
  __gmp_expr(const mpfr_class &val1, T val2) : expr(val1, val2) { }
  void eval(mpfr_ptr f, unsigned long int) const
  { Op::eval(f, expr.val1.get_mpfr_t(), expr.val2,
	     __gmp_default_rounding_mode); }
  unsigned long int get_prec() const
  {
    unsigned long int prec1 = expr.val1.get_prec(),
      prec2 = mpf_get_default_prec();
    return (prec1 > prec2) ? prec1 : prec2;
  }
};

template <class T, class Op>
class __gmp_expr<__gmpfr_value, __gmp_binary_expr<T, mpfr_class, Op> >
{
private:
  __gmp_binary_expr<T, mpfr_class, Op> expr;
public:
  __gmp_expr(T val1, const mpfr_class &val2) : expr(val1, val2) { }
  void eval(mpfr_ptr f, unsigned long int) const
  { Op::eval(f, expr.val1, expr.val2.get_mpfr_t(),
	     __gmp_default_rounding_mode); }
  unsigned long int get_prec() const
  {
    unsigned long int prec1 = mpf_get_default_prec(),
      prec2 = expr.val2.get_prec();
    return (prec1 > prec2) ? prec1 : prec2;
  }
};

template <class T, class U, class Op>
class __gmp_expr
<__gmpfr_value, __gmp_binary_expr<mpfr_class, __gmp_expr<T, U>, Op> >
{
private:
  __gmp_binary_expr<mpfr_class, __gmp_expr<T, U>, Op> expr;
public:
  __gmp_expr(const mpfr_class &val1, const __gmp_expr<T, U> &val2)
    : expr(val1, val2) { }
  void eval(mpfr_ptr f, unsigned long int prec) const
  {
    mpfr_class temp(expr.val2, prec);
    Op::eval(f, expr.val1.get_mpfr_t(), temp.get_mpfr_t(),
	     __gmp_default_rounding_mode);
  }
  unsigned long int get_prec() const
  {
    unsigned long int prec1 = expr.val1.get_prec(),
      prec2 = expr.val2.get_prec();
    return (prec1 > prec2) ? prec1 : prec2;
  }
};

template <class T, class U, class Op>
class __gmp_expr
<__gmpfr_value, __gmp_binary_expr<__gmp_expr<T, U>, mpfr_class, Op> >
{
private:
  __gmp_binary_expr<__gmp_expr<T, U>, mpfr_class, Op> expr;
public:
  __gmp_expr(const __gmp_expr<T, U> &val1, const mpfr_class &val2)
    : expr(val1, val2) { }
  void eval(mpfr_ptr f, unsigned long int prec) const
  {
    mpfr_class temp(expr.val1, prec);
    Op::eval(f, temp.get_mpfr_t(), expr.val2.get_mpfr_t(),
	     __gmp_default_rounding_mode);
  }
  unsigned long int get_prec() const
  {
    unsigned long int prec1 = expr.val1.get_prec(),
      prec2 = expr.val2.get_prec();
    return (prec1 > prec2) ? prec1 : prec2;
  }
};

template <class T, class U, class V, class Op>
class __gmp_expr<__gmpfr_value, __gmp_binary_expr<__gmp_expr<T, U>, V, Op> >
{
private:
  __gmp_binary_expr<__gmp_expr<T, U>, V, Op> expr;
public:
  __gmp_expr(const __gmp_expr<T, U> &val1, V val2) : expr(val1, val2) { }
  void eval(mpfr_ptr f, unsigned long int prec) const
  {
    mpfr_class temp(expr.val1, prec);
    Op::eval(f, temp.get_mpfr_t(), expr.val2, __gmp_default_rounding_mode);
  }
  unsigned long int get_prec() const
  {
    unsigned long int prec1 = expr.val1.get_prec(),
      prec2 = mpf_get_default_prec();
    return (prec1 > prec2) ? prec1 : prec2;
  }
};

template <class T, class U, class V, class Op>
class __gmp_expr<__gmpfr_value, __gmp_binary_expr<T, __gmp_expr<U, V>, Op> >
{
private:
  __gmp_binary_expr<T, __gmp_expr<U, V>, Op> expr;
public:
  __gmp_expr(T val1, const __gmp_expr<U, V> &val2) : expr(val1, val2) { }
  void eval(mpfr_ptr f, unsigned long int prec) const
  {
    mpfr_class temp(expr.val2, prec);
    Op::eval(f, expr.val1, temp.get_mpfr_t(), __gmp_default_rounding_mode);
  }
  unsigned long int get_prec() const
  {
    unsigned long int prec1 = mpf_get_default_prec(),
      prec2 = expr.val2.get_prec();
    return (prec1 > prec2) ? prec1 : prec2;
  }
};

template <class T, class U, class V, class W, class Op>
class __gmp_expr
<__gmpfr_value, __gmp_binary_expr<__gmp_expr<T, U>, __gmp_expr<V, W>, Op> >
{
private:
  __gmp_binary_expr<__gmp_expr<T, U>, __gmp_expr<V, W>, Op> expr;
public:
  __gmp_expr(const __gmp_expr<T, U> &val1, const __gmp_expr<V, W> &val2)
    : expr(val1, val2) { }
  void eval(mpfr_ptr f, unsigned long int prec) const
  {
    mpfr_class temp1(expr.val1, prec), temp2(expr.val2, prec);
    Op::eval(f, temp1.get_mpfr_t(), temp2.get_mpfr_t(),
	     __gmp_default_rounding_mode);
  }
  unsigned long int get_prec() const
  {
    unsigned long int prec1 = expr.val1.get_prec(),
      prec2 = expr.val2.get_prec();
    return (prec1 > prec2) ? prec1 : prec2;
  }
};


/**************** Macros for defining functions ****************/

#define __GMPFRR_DEFINE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR(fun, eval_fun)              \
                                                                      \
template <class T, class U>                                           \
inline mpfr_class & mpfr_class::fun(const __gmp_expr<T, U> &expr)     \
{                                                                     \
  __gmpfr_temp temp(expr, get_prec());                                \
  eval_fun::eval(mp, mp, temp.get_mp(), __gmp_default_rounding_mode); \
  return *this;                                                       \
}

#define __GMPFRN_DEFINE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR(fun, eval_fun)           \
                                                                   \
inline mpfr_class & mpfr_class::fun(signed char c)                 \
{                                                                  \
  eval_fun::eval(mp, mp, (signed long int) c,                      \
                 __gmp_default_rounding_mode);                     \
  return *this;                                                    \
}                                                                  \
                                                                   \
inline mpfr_class & mpfr_class::fun(unsigned char c)               \
{                                                                  \
  eval_fun::eval(mp, mp, (unsigned long int) c,                    \
                 __gmp_default_rounding_mode);                     \
  return *this;                                                    \
}                                                                  \
                                                                   \
inline mpfr_class & mpfr_class::fun(signed int i)                  \
{                                                                  \
  eval_fun::eval(mp, mp, (signed long int) i,                      \
                 __gmp_default_rounding_mode);                     \
  return *this;                                                    \
}                                                                  \
                                                                   \
inline mpfr_class & mpfr_class::fun(unsigned int i)                \
{                                                                  \
  eval_fun::eval(mp, mp, (unsigned long int) i,                    \
                 __gmp_default_rounding_mode);                     \
  return *this;                                                    \
}                                                                  \
                                                                   \
inline mpfr_class & mpfr_class::fun(signed short int s)            \
{                                                                  \
  eval_fun::eval(mp, mp, (signed long int) s,                      \
                 __gmp_default_rounding_mode);                     \
  return *this;                                                    \
}                                                                  \
                                                                   \
inline mpfr_class & mpfr_class::fun(unsigned short int s)          \
{                                                                  \
  eval_fun::eval(mp, mp, (unsigned long int) s,                    \
                 __gmp_default_rounding_mode);                     \
  return *this;                                                    \
}                                                                  \
                                                                   \
inline mpfr_class & mpfr_class::fun(signed long int l)             \
{                                                                  \
  eval_fun::eval(mp, mp, l, __gmp_default_rounding_mode);          \
  return *this;                                                    \
}                                                                  \
                                                                   \
inline mpfr_class & mpfr_class::fun(unsigned long int l)           \
{                                                                  \
  eval_fun::eval(mp, mp, l, __gmp_default_rounding_mode);          \
  return *this;                                                    \
}                                                                  \
                                                                   \
inline mpfr_class & mpfr_class::fun(float f)                       \
{                                                                  \
  eval_fun::eval(mp, mp, (double) f, __gmp_default_rounding_mode); \
  return *this;                                                    \
}                                                                  \
                                                                   \
inline mpfr_class & mpfr_class::fun(double d)                      \
{                                                                  \
  eval_fun::eval(mp, mp, d, __gmp_default_rounding_mode);          \
  return *this;                                                    \
}                                                                  \
                                                                   \
/*                                                                 \
inline mpfr_class & mpfr_class::fun(long double ld)                \
{                                                                  \
  eval_fun::eval(mp, mp, ld, __gmp_default_rounding_mode);         \
  return *this;                                                    \
} */

#define __GMPFR_DEFINE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR(fun, eval_fun) \
__GMPFRR_DEFINE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR(fun, eval_fun)        \
__GMPFRN_DEFINE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR(fun, eval_fun)

#define __GMPFR_DEFINE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR_UI(fun, eval_fun) \
                                                           \
inline mpfr_class & mpfr_class::fun(unsigned long int l)   \
{                                                          \
  eval_fun::eval(mp, mp, l, __gmp_default_rounding_mode);  \
  return *this;                                            \
}

#define __GMPFR_DEFINE_INCREMENT_OPERATOR(fun, eval_fun) \
                                                         \
inline mpfr_class & mpfr_class::fun()                    \
{                                                        \
  eval_fun::eval(mp, mp, __gmp_default_rounding_mode);   \
  return *this;                                          \
}                                                        \
                                                         \
inline mpfr_class mpfr_class::fun(int)                   \
{                                                        \
  mpfr_class temp(*this);                                \
  eval_fun::eval(mp, mp, __gmp_default_rounding_mode);   \
  return temp;                                           \
}


/**************** Arithmetic operators and functions ****************/

__GMPFR_DEFINE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR(operator+=, __gmp_binary_plus)
__GMPFR_DEFINE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR(operator-=, __gmp_binary_minus)
__GMPFR_DEFINE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR(operator*=, __gmp_binary_multiplies)
__GMPFR_DEFINE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR(operator/=, __gmp_binary_divides)

__GMPFR_DEFINE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR_UI(operator<<=, __gmp_binary_lshift)
__GMPFR_DEFINE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR_UI(operator>>=, __gmp_binary_rshift)

__GMPFR_DEFINE_INCREMENT_OPERATOR(operator++, __gmp_unary_increment)
__GMPFR_DEFINE_INCREMENT_OPERATOR(operator--, __gmp_unary_decrement)


/**************** #undef all private macros ****************/

#undef __GMPFRR_DECLARE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR
#undef __GMPFRN_DECLARE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR
#undef __GMPFR_DECLARE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR
#undef __GMPFR_DECLARE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR_UI
#undef __GMPFR_DECLARE_INCREMENT_OPERATOR

#undef __GMPFRR_DEFINE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR
#undef __GMPFRN_DEFINE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR
#undef __GMPFR_DEFINE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR
#undef __GMPFR_DEFINE_COMPOUND_OPERATOR_UI
#undef __GMPFR_DEFINE_INCREMENT_OPERATOR


#endif /* __GMPFR_PLUSPLUS__ */