-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
/
assemble.c
526 lines (474 loc) · 16.1 KB
/
assemble.c
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#define Char char
#define Pos size_t
#define Byte uint8_t
#define Word uint64_t
#define bool Byte
#define true (0 == 0)
#define false !true
int min(int a, int b) { return a < b ? a : b; }
int max(int a, int b) { return a > b ? a : b; }
typedef struct {
Byte* bytes;
Pos len;
} Str;
Str str(Char* c_str) {
Str s;
s.bytes = c_str;
s.len = 0;
while (c_str[s.len] != 0) s.len++;
return s;
}
Str substr(Str this, Pos start, Pos end) {
Str s;
s.bytes = this.bytes + start;
s.len = end - start;
return s;
}
bool starts_with(Str this, Str other) {
if (this.len < other.len) return false;
for (Pos i = 0; i < other.len; i++)
if (this.bytes[i] != other.bytes[i]) return false;
return true;
}
bool strequal(Str this, Str other) {
if (this.len != other.len) return false;
return starts_with(this, other);
}
void print_str(Str str) {
for (Pos i = 0; i < str.len; i++) fprintf(stderr, "%c", str.bytes[i]);
}
typedef struct { Byte* data; Pos len; Pos cap; } Bytes;
Bytes make_bytes(void) {
Bytes vec;
vec.data = malloc(8);
vec.len = 0;
vec.cap = 8;
return vec;
}
void push_to_bytes(Bytes* vec, Byte byte) {
if (vec->len == vec->cap) {
vec->cap *= 2;
vec->data = realloc(vec->data, vec->cap);
}
vec->data[vec->len] = byte;
vec->len++;
}
bool is_whitespace(Char c) { return c == ' ' || c == '\n'; }
bool is_num(Char c) { return c >= '0' && c <= '9'; }
bool is_name(Char c) { return !is_whitespace(c) && c != ':'; }
// The parser.
Byte* recipe;
int recipe_len;
int cursor = 0;
char current = (char)EOF;
int line = 0;
void panic(Char* message) {
fprintf(stderr, "Line %d: %s\n", line, message);
exit(1);
}
bool is_at_end(void) { return cursor >= recipe_len; }
void advance(void) { current = recipe[cursor]; cursor++; }
void consume_whitespace() {
while (!is_at_end()) {
if (current == ' ') advance();
else if (current == '\n') {
advance();
line++;
} else if (current == '|') {
while (!is_at_end() && current != '\n') advance();
} else
break;
}
}
bool consume_prefix(char prefix) {
consume_whitespace();
if (current != prefix) return false;
advance();
return true;
}
Str parse_str(void) {
if (!consume_prefix('\"')) panic("Expected a string.");
Bytes str = make_bytes();
while (!is_at_end() && current != '"') {
push_to_bytes(&str, current);
advance();
}
if (!consume_prefix('\"')) panic("Expected end of string.");
Str str_str;
str_str.bytes = str.data;
str_str.len = str.len;
return str_str;
}
Str parse_name(void) {
consume_whitespace();
if (current == '\"') return parse_str();
bool parsed_something = false;
Bytes name = make_bytes();
while (!is_at_end() && is_name(current)) {
parsed_something = true;
push_to_bytes(&name, current);
advance();
}
if (!parsed_something) panic("Expected a name.");
Str name_str;
name_str.bytes = name.data;
name_str.len = name.len;
return name_str;
}
Word parse_digits(Word radix) {
bool parsed_something = false;
Word num = 0;
while (!is_at_end()) {
Char c = current;
if (c >= '0' && c < '0' + min(radix, 10))
num = num * radix + c - '0';
else if (radix >= 10 && c >= 'a' && c < 'a' + min(radix - 10, 26))
num = num * radix + c - 'a' + 10;
else if (c != '_') break;
advance();
parsed_something = true;
}
if (!parsed_something) panic("Expected a number.");
return num;
}
Word parse_num(void) {
consume_whitespace();
if (consume_prefix('0')) {
if (is_whitespace(current)) return 0;
if (consume_prefix('b')) return parse_digits(2);
if (consume_prefix('x')) return parse_digits(16);
panic("Expected number radix char (b or x).");
}
return parse_digits(10);
}
typedef enum { reg_sp, reg_st, reg_a, reg_b, reg_c, reg_d, reg_e, reg_f } Reg;
Reg parse_reg(void) {
Str n = parse_name();
if (strequal(n, str("sp"))) return reg_sp;
if (strequal(n, str("st"))) return reg_st;
if (strequal(n, str("a"))) return reg_a;
if (strequal(n, str("b"))) return reg_b;
if (strequal(n, str("c"))) return reg_c;
if (strequal(n, str("d"))) return reg_d;
if (strequal(n, str("e"))) return reg_e;
if (strequal(n, str("f"))) return reg_f;
panic("Expected a register.");
}
Byte to_bits(Reg reg) {
switch (reg) {
case reg_sp: return 0b0000;
case reg_st: return 0b0001;
case reg_a: return 0b0010;
case reg_b: return 0b0011;
case reg_c: return 0b0100;
case reg_d: return 0b0101;
case reg_e: return 0b0110;
case reg_f: return 0b0111;
default: panic("Invalid register.");
}
}
// Label storage.
Str last_label;
Str globalize_label(Str label) {
int num_dots = 0;
while (num_dots < label.len && label.bytes[num_dots] == '.') num_dots++;
label = substr(label, num_dots, label.len);
if (num_dots == 0) return label;
int shared_prefix = 0;
while (true) {
if (shared_prefix >= last_label.len) {
if (num_dots == 1) break;
panic("Label has too many dots at the beginning.");
}
if (last_label.bytes[shared_prefix] == '.') {
num_dots--;
if (num_dots == 0) break;
}
shared_prefix++;
}
Str global;
global.bytes = malloc(shared_prefix + 1 + label.len);
for (int i = 0; i < shared_prefix; i++) global.bytes[i] = last_label.bytes[i];
global.bytes[shared_prefix] = '.';
for (int i = 0; i < label.len; i++)
global.bytes[shared_prefix + 1 + i] = label.bytes[i];
global.len = shared_prefix + 1 + label.len;
return global;
}
typedef struct { Str label; Pos pos; } LabelAndPos;
typedef struct { LabelAndPos* entries; Pos len; Pos cap; } Labels;
Labels labels;
Labels init_labels(void) {
labels.entries = malloc(8 * sizeof(LabelAndPos));
labels.len = 0;
labels.cap = 8;
}
void push_label(Str label, Pos pos) {
if (labels.len == labels.cap) {
labels.cap *= 2;
labels.entries = realloc(labels.entries, labels.cap * sizeof(LabelAndPos));
}
labels.entries[labels.len].label = label;
labels.entries[labels.len].pos = pos;
labels.len++;
}
Word find_label(Str label) {
for (Pos i = 0; i < labels.len; i++)
if (strequal(label, labels.entries[i].label))
return labels.entries[i].pos;
return -1;
}
// The output.
Bytes output;
Pos start_of_section = 0; // labels are relative to this
// Patches.
typedef struct { Str label; Pos where; } Patch;
typedef struct { Patch* items; Pos cap; Pos len; } Patches;
Patches patches;
Patches init_patches(void) {
patches.items = malloc(8 * sizeof(Patch));
patches.cap = 8;
patches.len = 0;
return patches;
}
void push_patch(Patch patch) {
if (patches.len == patches.cap) {
patches.cap *= 2;
patches.items = realloc(patches.items, patches.cap * sizeof(LabelAndPos));
}
patches.items[patches.len] = patch;
patches.len++;
}
void overwrite_word(Pos pos, Word word);
void fix_patches() {
for (int i = 0; i < patches.len; i++) {
Patch patch = patches.items[i];
Pos target = find_label(patch.label);
if (target == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "Patching label \"");
print_str(patch.label);
fprintf(stderr, "\".\n");
panic("Label not defined.");
}
overwrite_word(patch.where, target);
}
}
// The output binary.
void emit_byte(Byte byte) {
push_to_bytes(&output, byte);
}
void emit_word(Word word) {
emit_byte(word & 0xff);
emit_byte(word >> 8 & 0xff);
emit_byte(word >> 16 & 0xff);
emit_byte(word >> 24 & 0xff);
emit_byte(word >> 32 & 0xff);
emit_byte(word >> 40 & 0xff);
emit_byte(word >> 48 & 0xff);
emit_byte(word >> 56 & 0xff);
}
void overwrite_word(Pos pos, Word word) {
output.data[pos + 0] = word & 0xff;
output.data[pos + 1] = word >> 8 & 0xff;
output.data[pos + 2] = word >> 16 & 0xff;
output.data[pos + 3] = word >> 24 & 0xff;
output.data[pos + 4] = word >> 32 & 0xff;
output.data[pos + 5] = word >> 40 & 0xff;
output.data[pos + 6] = word >> 48 & 0xff;
output.data[pos + 7] = word >> 56 & 0xff;
}
void emit_str(Str str) {
for (int i = 0; i < str.len; i++) emit_byte(str.bytes[i]);
}
void emit_reg(Reg reg) { emit_byte(to_bits(reg)); }
void emit_regs(Reg first, Reg second) {
emit_byte(to_bits(first) + (to_bits(second) << 4));
}
void emit_label_ref(Str label) {
label = globalize_label(label);
Patch patch;
patch.label = label;
patch.where = output.len;
push_patch(patch);
emit_word(0);
}
void define_label(Str label) {
label = globalize_label(label);
last_label = label;
Pos pos = output.len - start_of_section;
push_label(label, pos);
}
void main(int argc, char** argv) {
FILE* file = fopen(argv[1], "rb");
if (file == NULL) panic("couldn't open file");
fseek(file, 0L, SEEK_END);
recipe_len = ftell(file);
rewind(file);
recipe = (Byte*)malloc(recipe_len + 1);
if (recipe == NULL) panic("out of memory");
size_t read = fread(recipe, sizeof(char), recipe_len, file);
if (read != recipe_len) panic("file size changed after fseek");
recipe[read] = 0;
fclose(file);
output = make_bytes();
last_label = str("");
init_labels();
init_patches();
advance();
emit_str(str("soil"));
// Byte code section
emit_byte(0); // type: byte code
Pos pointer_to_byte_code_section_len = output.len;
emit_word(0); // len of byte code
start_of_section = output.len;
while (true) {
consume_whitespace();
if (is_at_end()) break;
Str name = parse_name();
bool is_label = consume_prefix(':');
if (is_label) {
define_label(name);
} else {
Str command = name;
#define EMIT_OP(opcode) { emit_byte(opcode); }
#define EMIT_OP_REG(opcode) { emit_byte(opcode); emit_reg(parse_reg()); }
#define EMIT_OP_REG_REG(opcode) { emit_byte(opcode); \
Reg a = parse_reg(); Reg b = parse_reg(); emit_regs(a, b); }
#define EMIT_OP_REG_BYTE(opcode) { emit_byte(opcode); \
emit_reg(parse_reg()); emit_byte(parse_num()); }
#define EMIT_OP_REG_WORD(opcode) { emit_byte(opcode); \
emit_reg(parse_reg()); consume_whitespace(); \
if (is_num(current)) emit_word(parse_num()); else emit_label_ref(parse_name()); }
#define EMIT_OP_BYTE(opcode) { emit_byte(opcode); emit_byte(parse_num()); }
#define EMIT_OP_WORD(opcode) { emit_byte(opcode); consume_whitespace(); \
if (is_num(current)) emit_word(parse_num()); else emit_label_ref(parse_name()); }
#define EMIT_OP_LABEL(opcode) { emit_byte(opcode); emit_label_ref(parse_name()); }
if (strequal(command, str("nop"))) EMIT_OP(0x00)
else if (strequal(command, str("panic"))) EMIT_OP(0xe0)
else if (strequal(command, str("trystart"))) EMIT_OP_WORD(0xe1)
else if (strequal(command, str("tryend"))) EMIT_OP(0xe2)
else if (strequal(command, str("move"))) EMIT_OP_REG_REG(0xd0)
else if (strequal(command, str("movei"))) EMIT_OP_REG_WORD(0xd1)
else if (strequal(command, str("moveib"))) EMIT_OP_REG_BYTE(0xd2)
else if (strequal(command, str("load"))) EMIT_OP_REG_REG(0xd3)
else if (strequal(command, str("loadb"))) EMIT_OP_REG_REG(0xd4)
else if (strequal(command, str("store"))) EMIT_OP_REG_REG(0xd5)
else if (strequal(command, str("storeb"))) EMIT_OP_REG_REG(0xd6)
else if (strequal(command, str("push"))) EMIT_OP_REG(0xd7)
else if (strequal(command, str("pop"))) EMIT_OP_REG(0xd8)
else if (strequal(command, str("jump"))) EMIT_OP_LABEL(0xf0)
else if (strequal(command, str("cjump"))) EMIT_OP_LABEL(0xf1)
else if (strequal(command, str("call"))) EMIT_OP_WORD(0xf2)
else if (strequal(command, str("ret"))) EMIT_OP(0xf3)
else if (strequal(command, str("syscall"))) EMIT_OP_BYTE(0xf4)
else if (strequal(command, str("cmp"))) EMIT_OP_REG_REG(0xc0)
else if (strequal(command, str("isequal"))) EMIT_OP(0xc1)
else if (strequal(command, str("isless"))) EMIT_OP(0xc2)
else if (strequal(command, str("isgreater"))) EMIT_OP(0xc3)
else if (strequal(command, str("islessequal"))) EMIT_OP(0xc4)
else if (strequal(command, str("isgreaterequal"))) EMIT_OP(0xc5)
else if (strequal(command, str("isnotequal"))) EMIT_OP(0xc6)
else if (strequal(command, str("fcmp"))) EMIT_OP_REG_REG(0xc7)
else if (strequal(command, str("fisequal"))) EMIT_OP(0xc8)
else if (strequal(command, str("fisless"))) EMIT_OP(0xc9)
else if (strequal(command, str("fisgreater"))) EMIT_OP(0xca)
else if (strequal(command, str("fislessequal"))) EMIT_OP(0xcb)
else if (strequal(command, str("fisgreaterequal"))) EMIT_OP(0xcc)
else if (strequal(command, str("fisnotequal"))) EMIT_OP(0xcd)
else if (strequal(command, str("inttofloat"))) EMIT_OP_REG(0xce)
else if (strequal(command, str("floattoint"))) EMIT_OP_REG(0xcf)
else if (strequal(command, str("add"))) EMIT_OP_REG_REG(0xa0)
else if (strequal(command, str("sub"))) EMIT_OP_REG_REG(0xa1)
else if (strequal(command, str("mul"))) EMIT_OP_REG_REG(0xa2)
else if (strequal(command, str("div"))) EMIT_OP_REG_REG(0xa3)
else if (strequal(command, str("rem"))) EMIT_OP_REG_REG(0xa4)
else if (strequal(command, str("fadd"))) EMIT_OP_REG_REG(0xa5)
else if (strequal(command, str("fsub"))) EMIT_OP_REG_REG(0xa6)
else if (strequal(command, str("fmul"))) EMIT_OP_REG_REG(0xa7)
else if (strequal(command, str("fdiv"))) EMIT_OP_REG_REG(0xa8)
else if (strequal(command, str("and"))) EMIT_OP_REG_REG(0xb0)
else if (strequal(command, str("or"))) EMIT_OP_REG_REG(0xb1)
else if (strequal(command, str("xor"))) EMIT_OP_REG_REG(0xb2)
else if (strequal(command, str("not"))) EMIT_OP_REG(0xb3)
else if (strequal(command, str("@data"))) break;
else {
fprintf(stderr, "Command is \"");
for (int i = 0; i < command.len; i++)
fprintf(stderr, "%c", command.bytes[i]);
fprintf(stderr, "\".\n");
panic("Unknown command.");
}
}
}
int num_labels_in_byte_code_section = labels.len;
int byte_code_len = output.len - start_of_section;
overwrite_word(pointer_to_byte_code_section_len, byte_code_len);
// Initial memory section
emit_byte(1); // type: initial memory
Pos pointer_to_memory_section_len = output.len;
emit_word(0); // len of initial memory
start_of_section = output.len;
while (true) {
consume_whitespace();
if (is_at_end()) break;
Str name = parse_name();
bool is_label = consume_prefix(':');
if (is_label) {
define_label(name);
} else {
Str command = name;
if (strequal(command, str("str"))) {
Str str = parse_str();
for (int i = 0; i < str.len; i++) emit_byte(str.bytes[i]);
}
else if (strequal(command, str("byte"))) emit_byte(parse_num());
else if (strequal(command, str("word"))) {
if (is_num(current)) emit_word(parse_num()); else emit_label_ref(parse_name());
} else {
fprintf(stderr, "Command is \"");
for (int i = 0; i < command.len; i++)
fprintf(stderr, "%c", command.bytes[i]);
fprintf(stderr, "\".\n");
panic("Unknown data command.");
}
}
}
if (!is_at_end()) panic("Didn't parse the entire input.");
fix_patches();
labels.len = num_labels_in_byte_code_section;
int memory_len = output.len - start_of_section;
overwrite_word(pointer_to_memory_section_len, memory_len);
emit_byte(3); // type: debug info
Pos pointer_to_debug_info_len = output.len;
emit_word(0); // len of debug info
Pos start_of_debug_info = output.len;
emit_word(labels.len); // number of labels
for (Pos i = 0; i < labels.len; i++) {
LabelAndPos label_and_pos = labels.entries[i];
emit_word(label_and_pos.pos);
emit_word(label_and_pos.label.len);
for (int j = 0; j < label_and_pos.label.len; j++)
emit_byte(label_and_pos.label.bytes[j]);
}
int debug_info_len = output.len - start_of_debug_info;
overwrite_word(pointer_to_debug_info_len, debug_info_len);
int i = 0;
for (i = strlen(argv[1]); i > 0 && argv[1][i - 1] != '.'; i--);
argv[1][i + 0] = 's';
argv[1][i + 1] = 'o';
argv[1][i + 2] = 'i';
argv[1][i + 3] = 'l';
argv[1][i + 4] = '\0';
FILE* outfile = fopen(argv[1], "w+");
if (outfile == NULL) panic("couldn't open file");
fwrite(output.data, 1, output.len, outfile);
fclose(outfile);
printf("Written to %s.\n", argv[1]);
// for (int i = 0; i < output.len; i++) printf("%c", output.data[i]);
// printf("%02x ", output.data[i]);
exit(0);
}